EX-304 Network Analysis - Dec 2025 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aExplain the characteristics of basic circuit elements R, L, and C. Discuss linearity, time dependency, and the voltage-current relationships of each element in detail.
   How to answer

   • Define R, L, C with v-i relations: v=Ri, v=L di/dt, i=C dv/dt
   • Linearity: R linear, L/C linear if constant; time-dependency and memory
   • Energy storage vs dissipation and initial conditions
2. 7 Marks
   bExplain the concepts of network topology. Define and explain graph, tree, branch, cut-set matrix, and dual networks with suitable examples.
   How to answer

   • Define network graph, tree, branch with example diagrams
   • Define cut-set and cut-set matrix with example
   • Define dual networks with construction example
3. 7 Marks
   aExplain the concept of transients in electrical circuits. Derive the transient response of RC and RL circuits for step input excitation.
   How to answer

   • Define transients: switching, initial/final conditions
   • Derive RC step response: vc = Vs(1-e^(-t/RC))
   • Derive RL step response: i = Vs/R(1-e^(-Rt/L)) with time constants
4. 7 Marks
   bIdentify the node voltages in the circuit shown in figure.

   

   How to answer

   • Mark nodes 1,2,3 with 0 as reference ground
   • Write KCL nodal equations including 3A source and dependent source
   • Solve for node voltages V1, V2, V3
5. 7 Marks
   aExplain the concept of resonance in electrical circuits. Discuss series resonance and parallel resonance with frequency response characteristics.
   How to answer

   • Define resonance and resonant frequency
   • Discuss series resonance: impedance minimum, voltage magnification
   • Discuss parallel resonance: admittance minimum, current magnification with frequency response
6. 7 Marks
   bCalculate the mesh current $i_1$ and $i_2$ in the circuit shown in figure.

   

   How to answer

   • Write KVL mesh equations for i1 and i2 with 12 ohm common resistor
   • Solve two simultaneous equations
   • Obtain numerical values of i1 and i2 with directions
7. 7 Marks
   aExplain Maximum Power Transfer Theorem. Derive the condition for maximum power transfer in DC and AC circuits.
   How to answer

   • State Maximum Power Transfer Theorem
   • Derive condition for DC: RL = Rth
   • Derive condition for AC: ZL = Zth* for maximum average power
8. 7 Marks
   bExplain Millman's theorem and Tellegen's theorem. Discuss their significance in network analysis.
   How to answer

   • State Millman's theorem with formula for parallel sources
   • State Tellegen's theorem: sum v_k i_k = 0
   • Discuss significance in network simplification and power balance
9. 7 Marks
   aState and prove the initial value theorem and final value theorem of Laplace transform. Discuss their applications.
   How to answer

   • State initial value theorem: x(0+)=lim sX(s)
   • Prove using Laplace differentiation property
   • State and prove final value theorem and mention applications/conditions
10. 7 Marks
    bFind $i_o$ in the circuit shown in figure using Superposition Theorem.

    

    How to answer

    • Consider 4A source alone and 20V source alone with dependent source retained
    • Calculate partial i_o' and i_o'' using nodal/mesh analysis
    • Add algebraically to get total i_o
11. 7 Marks
    aExplain trigonometric and exponential forms of Fourier series. Compare the two representations and discuss their applications.
    How to answer

    • Write trigonometric Fourier series with a0, an, bn
    • Write exponential form with complex coefficients Cn
    • Compare: real vs complex, symmetry, applications in spectra and analysis
12. 7 Marks
    bFind out the Laplace transform for the given signal and calculate the ROC. $$x(t) = t e^{-2|t|}$$
    How to answer

    • Split x(t)=t e^{-2|t|} into t>0 and t<0 parts
    • Evaluate Laplace integral to get X(s)
    • Determine ROC from convergence of both sides
13. 7 Marks
    aExplain two-port network parameters. Derive the equations for ABCD, and hybrid parameters.
    How to answer

    • Define Z, Y, ABCD, h two-port equations
    • Derive ABCD transmission equations
    • Derive hybrid h-parameter equations and mention conversions
14. 7 Marks
    bObtain the Y parameters for the circuit shown in figure.

    

    How to answer

    • Apply short-circuit tests: V1=0, V2=0
    • Calculate Y11, Y12, Y21, Y22 using 4 ohm, 2 ohm, 8 ohm network
    • Write 2x2 Y matrix
15. 7 Marks
    aExplain poles and zeros of a network function. Discuss their significance in determining system stability and frequency response.
    How to answer

    • Define poles and zeros of network function N(s)
    • Explain pole locations vs stability
    • Explain effect on frequency/magnitude-phase response
16. 7 Marks
    bFind out the Fourier Transform of $x(t)=e^{-at} u(t)$. Also draw the magnitude and phase spectrum of the output.
    How to answer

    • Evaluate Fourier integral for e^{-at}u(t) to get 1/(a+jw)
    • Derive magnitude spectrum 1/sqrt(a^2+w^2)
    • Derive phase spectrum -arctan(w/a) and sketch both vs frequency