ME 8th Semester Syllabus

1. Unit 1Introduction

   Principles and methods of refrigeration, freezing · Mixture cooling by gas reversible expansion, throttling, evaporation, Joule‑Thomson effect and reverse Carnot cycle · Unit of refrigeration, coefficient of performance, vortex tube & thermoelectric refrigeration, adiabatic demagnetization · Air refrigeration cycles – Joule’s cycle, bootstrap cycle, reduced ambient cycle and regenerative cooling cycles

2. Unit 2Vapour Compression System

   Vapour compression cycle, p‑h and t‑s diagrams · Deviations from theoretical cycle, sub‑cooling and super‑heating · Effect of condenser and evaporator pressure on COP · Multi‑pressure system: removal of flash gas, multiple expansion & compression with flash intercooling · Low temperature refrigeration: production of low temperatures, cascade system, dry ice, air liquefaction system

3. Unit 3Vapour Absorption, Steam‑Jet Refrigeration and Refrigerants

   Theoretical and practical vapour absorption systems such as aqua‑ammonia, Electrolux and other systems · Steam‑jet refrigeration: principles, simple cycle operation, description and working of simple system · Refrigerants – nomenclature & classification, desirable properties, common refrigerants, comparative study, leak detection methods · Environment‑friendly refrigerants and refrigerant mixtures, brine and its properties

4. Unit 4Psychrometrics

   Calculation of psychrometric properties of air by tables and charts · Psychrometric processes: sensible heating and cooling, evaporative cooling, cooling and dehumidification, heating and humidification, mixing of air streams, sensible heat factor · Principles of air conditioning, comfort requirements, ventilation standards, infiltrated air load, fresh air load, human comfort, effective temperature chart · Heat production and regulation of the human body

5. Unit 5Air Conditioning

   Calculation of summer & winter air‑conditioning load · Bypass factor of coil, calculation of supply air rate and its condition · Room sensible heat factor, gross sensible heat factor, effective sensible heat factor, dehumidified air quantity · Problems on cooling load calculation · Air distribution and ventilation systems

6. Unit 66. General Study One tone Thermax refrigeration unit.

   7. General Study of Water cooler 8. General Study of Psychrometers (Absorption type) 9. General Study of Leak Detectors (Halide Torch). 10. General Study and working of Gas charging Rig. 11. General Study of window Air Conditioner. 12. General Study and working of Vapor compression Air conditioning Test rig. 13. Experimentation on Cold Storage of Calculate COP & Heat Loss. 14. Experimentation on Vapor compression Air Conditioning test rig. 15. Changing of Refrigerant by using Gas Charging Kit.

7. Unit 7== END OF UNITS==

1. Unit 1Chassis & Body Engg

   Types and technical details of commercial vehicles · Types of chassis and layout · Types of frames and testing of frames for bending and torsion on unutilized body frame · Vehicle body construction · Driver's visibility and methods for improvement · Safety aspects of vehicles · Vehicle aerodynamics and optimisation of body shape · Driver's cab design · Body materials · Location of engine, front‑wheel and rear‑wheel drive, four‑wheel drive

2. Unit 2Steering System

   Front axle beam and stub axle · Front wheel assembly · Principles and types of wheel alignment · Front wheel geometry: camber, king‑pin inclination, caster, toe‑in and toe‑out · Condition for true rolling motion · Centre‑point steering and directional stability of vehicles · Steering gear and power steering · Slip angle, cornering power, over‑steer and under‑steer · Gyroscopic effect on steering gears

3. Unit 3Transmission System

   Function and types of clutches (single plate, multi‑plate, roller & spring clutch) · Clutch lining and bonding, double declutching · Types of gear boxes and synchronisers · Gear materials and determination of gear ratio for vehicles · Gear box performance at different vehicle speeds · Automatic transmission, torque converters and fluid coupling · Principle of hydrostatic drive · Propeller shaft, constant‑velocity universal joints · Differential gear box and rear axle construction

4. Unit 4Suspension system

   Basic suspension movements · Independent front and rear suspension · Shock absorber · Types of springs: leaf spring, coil spring, air spring, torsion bar · Location of shackles and power calculations · Resistance to vehicle motion during acceleration and braking, power‑torque curve, mechanical efficiency at different speeds · Weight transfer · Braking systems: disc theory, mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic power‑brake systems · Performance, self‑energisation and air‑bleeding of hydraulic brakes · Types of wheels and tyres, tyre specifications, construction and material properties of tyres and tubes

5. Unit 5Electrical and Control Systems

   Storage battery: construction, operation of lead‑acid battery and testing · Principle of operation of starting mechanism · Different drive systems and starter relay switch · Regulator, electric fuel gauge, fuel pump, horn, wiper, lighting system, head‑light dazzling, signalling devices · Battery‑operated vehicles and choppers · Importance of maintenance, scheduled and unscheduled maintenance · Wheel alignment and troubleshooting probable causes & remedies of various systems · Micro‑processor based control system for automobile · Intelligent automobile control systems

6. Unit 6Emission standards and pollution control

   Indian standards for automotive vehicles: Bharat I, II, III, IV · Euro I to Euro VI norms · Fuel quality standards · Environmental management systems for automotive vehicles · Catalytic converters and fuel additives · Modern trends in automotive engine efficiency and emission control

1. Unit 1Introduction

   History of tribology · Early scientific studies of friction, wear and lubrication · Tribo‑surface preparations and characteristics · Surface contacts, Hertz contact stresses · Residual stress · Surface fatigue, creep, stress relaxation, fracture mechanics · Elastic, viscoelastic and plastic behavior of materials · Choice of materials

2. Unit 2Friction

   Laws of friction · Rolling/sliding friction · Theory of adhesion and abrasion · Different mechanisms of friction · Stick‑slip characteristics · Interface temperature and thermal analysis · Molecular mechanical theory of friction · Operating conditions and system parameters · Calculations of coefficient of friction · Design of friction devices

3. Unit 3Wear

   Different types of wear mechanisms · Adhesive wear · Abrasive impact wear · Percussion erosion · Fretting wear · Calculations of wear rate · Two‑body and three‑body wear · Wear prevention · Wear of metal cutting and metal forming tools · Wear mapping of materials · Cavitation · Surface fatigue · Corrosion · Performance level classifications · Specifications of lubricants

4. Unit 4Lubrication

   Lubricants and additives · Composition and properties of lubricants · Maintenance of oil and emulsions · Industrial hygiene aspects · Technical regulations for lubricants · Boundary, mixed and fluid‑film lubrication · Industrial methods of lubrication · SAE, BIS, ASTM, IP, DIN standards · Oil testing · Wear and chemistry of lubricants

5. Unit 5Nano tribology and applications

   Nano tribology · Instrumental tests · Bearings · Clutches and brakes · Slide units · Dynamic seals · Automobile applications · Machine tools / press machines applications · Other applications and case studies

1. Unit 1Basic Features and Kinematics of Machine Tools

   Features of basic machine tools · Construction and operation of machine tools · Types of machine tools · Machine tools motions · Transmission: rotation into rotation · Rotation into translation · Kinematic structures of machine tools – elementary, complex and compound · Kinematic features of gear shapers · Kinematic features of gear hobbing machine

2. Unit 2Regulation of Speed

   Design of gear boxes and need for variation of speed · Selection of speed range · Laws of stepped regulation · Standardization of speeds · Speed diagram and analysis of productivity loss · Kinematic advantage of gear pair (GP) · Structural diagrams, ray diagram and speed chart · Gear drives – belt and cone pulley · Slip gear type · North (worm) gear drive · Draw‑key gear drive · Clutch type gear drive · Mechanical step‑less drives · Electrical drives · Hydraulic drive

3. Unit 3Design of Metal Working Tools

   Design of press working tools · Shearing tools · Piercing tools · Blanking dies · Compound die design principles for forging dies · Bending tools · Forming and drawing dies · Tooling for forging – design principles · Drop forging design principles · Upset forging design principles · Design principles and practice for rolling · Roll press design

4. Unit 4Design of Jigs and Fixtures

   Principles of location · Locating methods and devices · Principles of clamping · Clamping devices · Drilling jigs and their types · Drill bushes · Fixture economics · Types of fixtures · Milling fixtures · Grinding fixtures · Broaching fixtures · Assembly fixtures · Indexing jigs and fixtures · Indexing devices

5. Unit 5Design of Gauges and Inspection Features

   Design of gauges for dimensional tolerance inspection · Design of gauges for form inspection · Die and mould design for plastics and rubber parts – compression molding · Transfer molding · Blow molding

1. Unit 1Introduction

   Types and characteristics of production systems · Objective and functions of Production Planning & Control · Place of production · Planning in Engineering · Manufacturers organization · Forecasting and market analysis (pre‑planning) · Factory location and layout · Equipment policy and replacement · Pre‑planning production and capacity planning

2. Unit 2Work Study

   Method study and basic procedure selection · Recording of process and critical analysis · Development and implementation of micro‑motion and memo‑motion study · Work measurement techniques · Time study · Production study · Work sampling · Synthesis from standard data · Predetermined motion time standards

3. Unit 3Production Planning

   Aggregate planning · Master production scheduling (MPS) · Material Resource Planning (MRP) · Selection of material methods, machines and manpower · Routing · Scheduling and dispatching with corresponding sheets and charts · Production line balancing

4. Unit 4Production and Inventory Control

   Progress control through records and charts · Types of inventories and inventory classification · Inventory control under constraints · Economic lot (batch) size · Trends in purchasing and store keeping · Just‑in‑time (JIT) production · MRP II · Comparison of push and pull systems · Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) · Capacity planning and production control (CAPPC)

5. Unit 5Productivity and Human Factors

   Importance of productivity · Productivity patterns · Productivity measurements and ratios · Improvement and maintenance processes · Human abilities and ergonomics · Training and motivation · Safety programs · Workplace design and working conditions

1. Unit 1Descriptive Statistics

   Probability Distributions · Inferential Statistics · Inferential Statistics through hypothesis tests · Regression & ANOVA · Regression ANOVA (Analysis of Variance)

2. Unit 2Introduction to Big Data

   Big Data and its Importance · Four V’s of Big Data · Drivers for Big Data · Introduction to Big Data Analytics · Big Data Analytics applications · Hadoop’s Parallel World · Data discovery · Open source technology for Big Data Analytics · Cloud and Big Data · Predictive Analytics · Mobile Business Intelligence and Big Data · Crowd Sourcing Analytics · Inter- and Trans-Firewall Analytics · Information Management

3. Unit 3Processing Big Data

   Integrating disparate data stores · Mapping data to the programming framework · Connecting and extracting data from storage · Transforming data for processing · Subdividing data in preparation for Hadoop MapReduce

4. Unit 4Hadoop MapReduce

   Employing Hadoop MapReduce · Creating the components of Hadoop MapReduce jobs · Distributing data processing across server farms · Executing Hadoop MapReduce jobs · Monitoring the progress of job flows · The building blocks of Hadoop MapReduce · Distinguishing Hadoop daemons · Investigating the Hadoop Distributed File System · Selecting appropriate execution modes: local, pseudo-distributed, fully distributed

5. Unit 5Big Data Tools and Techniques

   Installing and Running Pig · Comparison with Databases · Pig Latin · User-Defined Functions (Pig) · Data Processing Operators · Installing and Running Hive · Hive QL · Querying Data · User-Defined Functions (Hive) · Oracle Big Data

1. Unit 1Energy Management

   Concept of energy management, energy demand and supply, economic analysis, duties and responsibilities of energy managers · Basic concept of energy conservation · Energy conservation in Household, Transportation, Agricultural, service and Industrial sectors · Lighting and HVAC

2. Unit 2Energy Audit

   Definition, need and types of energy audit · Energy management (audit) approach · Understanding energy cost, benchmarking, energy performance, matching energy use to requirement, maximizing system efficiencies, optimizing the input energy requirement · Fuel & energy substitution · Energy audit instruments · Energy Conservation Act · Duties and responsibilities of energy manager and auditors

3. Unit 3Material Energy Balance and Energy Action Planning

   Facility as an energy system · Method for preparing process flow · Material and energy balance diagrams · Key elements of Energy Action Planning · Force field analysis · Energy policy purpose, perspective, content, formulation, rectification

4. Unit 4Monitoring and Targeting & Electrical Energy Management

   Definition of monitoring & targeting · Data and information analysis · Energy conservation in motors, pumps and fan systems · Energy efficient motors

5. Unit 5Thermal Energy Management

   Energy conservation in boilers, steam turbine and industrial heating system · Application of FBC · Cogeneration and waste heat recovery · Thermal insulation · Heat exchangers and heat pump · Building Energy Management

1. Unit 1System Concepts

   Types, definition & characteristics of system concepts · Supra & subsystems, key component · Boundary & interface complexity · Feedback (pull) & feed forward (push) controls · Open flexible‑adaptive system · Computer as closed system · Law of requisite variety · System coupling, stresses and entropy · Functional & cross‑functional system · Steven Alter’s nine‑element work system model and its comparison with IPO model · Structure and performance of work systems leading to customer delight

2. Unit 2Management

   Importance, definition and functions of management · Schools of theories, knowledge‑driven learning organization and e‑business · Environment, uncertainty and adaptability · Corporate culture, difficulties and levels of planning · BCG matrix and SWOT analysis · Steps in decision making, structured and unstructured decisions · Dimensions of organizations, size/specialization, behavior formalization, authority centralization, departmentalization, span and line of control · Technology and Mintzberg organization typology, line, staff & matrix organization · Coordination by task‑force, business process reengineering and change management · HR planning, placement and training, MIS · Attitudes and personality traits, overlap and differences between leader & manager · Leadership grid, motivation, Maslow’s need hierarchy, Herzberg two‑factor theory, expectation theory, learning process, teamwork and stress management

3. Unit 3Marketing and Finance

   Importance, definition and core concepts of need, want and demand · Exchange & relationships, product value, cost and satisfaction (goods and services) · Marketing environment · Selling, marketing and societal marketing concepts · Four P’s: product, price, placement, promotion · Consumer, business and industrial markets, market targeting, advertising, publicity, CRM and market research · Nature and scope of finance · Forms of business ownerships · Balance sheet, profit and loss account, fund flow and cash flow statements · Break‑even point (BEP) and financial ratio analysis · Pay‑back period, NPV and capital budgeting

4. Unit 4Productivity and Operations

   Productivity, standard of living and happiness · Types of productivity · Operations (goods and services) vs. project management · Production processes and layouts · Steps in method improvement, time measurement, rating and various allowances · Standard time and its utility · Predetermined motion and time method · Product and process specification · Total Quality Management (TQM) and cost of quality · Introduction to lean manufacturing (JIT) · Quality Function Deployment (QFD), TPM & Six Sigma quality

5. Unit 5Entrepreneurship

   Definition and concepts, characteristics, comparison with manager · Classification, theories of entrepreneur, socio‑economic, cultural and psychological aspects · Entrepreneur traits and behavior · Roles in economic growth, employment, social stability, export promotion and indigenization · Creating a venture, opportunity analysis (competitive and technical factors) · Sources of funds · Entrepreneur development program

1. Unit 1Introduction of MIS

   What is MIS · Decision support systems · Systems approach · The systems view of business · MIS organization within the Company · Development of organizational theory · Management and organizational behavior · Management information and the systems approach

2. Unit 2Information systems for decision‑making and strategic / project planning for MIS

   Evolution of an information system · Basic information systems · Decision making and MIS · MIS as technique for making programmed decisions · Design assisting information systems · General business planning · Appropriate MIS response · MIS planning – general · MIS planning – detailed

3. Unit 3Conceptual System Design and Detailed System Design

   Define the problems · Systems objectives · Establish system constraints · Determine information needs · Determine information sources · Develop alternative conceptual designs and select one · Document the system concept · Prepare the conceptual design report · Information and involvement of the organization in detailed design · Project management of MIS detailed design · Identify dominant and trade‑off criteria · Define the subsystems · Sketch the detailed operating MIS systems and information flows · Determine the degree of automation of each operation · Inputs, outputs and processing · Early system testing · Software, hardware and tools · Propose an organization to operate the system · Document the detailed design · Revisit the manager‑user interaction

4. Unit 4Implementation, Evaluation and Maintenance of the MIS

   Plan the implementation · Acquire floor space and plan space layouts · Develop procedures for implementation · Train the operating personnel · Computer‑related acquisitions · Develop forms for data collection and information dissemination · Develop the files · Test the system · Cut‑over · Document the system · Evaluate the MIS · Control and maintain the system

5. Unit 5Pitfalls in MIS Development

   Fundamental weaknesses · Soft spots in planning · Design problems · Implementation issues – the TAR PITF

1. Unit 1Introduction to Modeling Software Packages

   Overview of SolidWorks, CATIA, and ANSYS for modeling · Assembly of Sleeve and Cotter joint · Assembly of Gib and Cotter joint · Assembly of Knuckle Joint · Assembly of Flanged Coupling · Assembly of Connecting Rod

2. Unit 2Introduction to Simulation Software Packages and Types of Analysis

   Overview of ANSYS, Fluent and other simulation tools · Structure analysis techniques · Thermal analysis techniques · Stress analysis techniques · Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis techniques · Finite Element Method (FEM) analysis techniques · Application of analyses to real‑world engineering problems

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