AIML 7th Semester Syllabus

Unit 1Introduction to Computer Vision

Introduction to computer vision · Introduction to images · Image Processing vs Computer Vision · Problems in Computer Vision · Basic image operations · Mathematical operations on images: datatype conversion · Contrast enhancement · Brightness enhancement · Bitwise operations (different bitwise operations)

Unit 2Binary Image Processing

Binary image processing · Thresholding · Erosion · Dilation · Opening and closing · Connected component analysis · Contour analysis

Unit 3Image Enhancement and Filtering

Image enhancement and filtering · Color spaces · Color transforms · Histogram equalization · Advanced histogram equalization (CLAHE) · Color adjustment using curves · Image filtering: introduction · Convolution · Image smoothing – box blur · Gaussian blur · Median blur

Unit 4Image Gradients and Edge Detection

Introduction to image gradients · First order derivative filters · Second order derivative filters · Edge detection · Image segmentation and recognition · Image classification · Object detection

Unit 5Applications of Computer Vision

Gesture recognition · Motion estimation and object tracking · Face detection · Deep learning with OpenCV

Unit 1Introduction

Introduction to Game AI · Kinds of AI used in game development · Model of game AI · AI engine structure

Unit 2Movement Algorithms and Steering

Kinematic movement algorithms · Problems related to steering behaviour of objects and solutions · Coordinated movement concepts · Motor control concepts

Unit 3Pathfinding

Basic path‑finding algorithms in game development · Path‑finding for complex solutions

Unit 4Decision‑Making and Uncertainty

Decision trees for game development · State machines for game development · Fuzzy logic for implementing knowledge uncertainty · Markov systems for implementing knowledge uncertainty

Unit 5Introduction to Learning Mechanisms

Board game theory · Implementation of minimax algorithm · Implementation of negamax algorithm · Random number generation techniques · Minimaxing algorithms · Action prediction algorithms · Decision learning algorithms · Reinforcement learning algorithms

Unit 1Artificial Neural Network

Introduction to ANN · Perceptron · Cost Function · Gradient Checking · Multi-layer perceptron · Backpropagation algorithm · Random Initialization

Unit 2Decision Trees

Representing concepts as decision trees · Recursive induction of decision trees · Best splitting attribute: entropy and information gain · Searching for simple trees and computational complexity · Overfitting · Noisy data · Pruning

Unit 3Ensemble Methods

Bagging · Boosting · Stacking · Learning with ensembles · Random Forest

Unit 4Reinforcement Learning

Introduction to reinforcement learning (RL) · RL framework · Markov Decision Process (MDP) · Bellman equations · Value Iteration · Policy Iteration · Actor-critic model · Q-learning · SARSA · Bandit algorithms – UCB · Bandit algorithms – PAC · Bandit algorithms – Median Elimination · Policy Gradient · Full RL & MDPs · Bellman Optimality

Unit 5Dynamic Programming and Advanced RL Techniques

Dynamic Programming – Value iteration · Policy iteration · Q-learning & Temporal Difference Methods · Temporal‑Difference Learning · Eligibility Traces · Function Approximation · Least Squares Methods · Fitted Q · Deep Q‑Learning · Advanced Q‑learning algorithms · Inverse reinforcement learning · Deep Inverse Reinforcement Learning · Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning · Recent Trends in RL Architectures

Unit 1Introduction to Data Products

Data Product · Data Product Examples in Enterprise · Developing a Data Product Strategy

Unit 2Reading Data in Python

Reading CSV & JSON Files · Processing Structured Data in Python · Live‑Coding: JSON · Extracting Simple Statistics from Datasets · Data Processing in Python · Data Filtering and Cleaning · Processing Text and Strings in Python · Processing Times and Dates in Python

Unit 3Python Libraries and Toolkits

Matrix Processing and NumPy · Introduction to Data Visualization · Introduction to Matplotlib · urllib and BeautifulSoup

Unit 4Gradient Descent Classification in Python

Introduction to Training and Testing · Gradient Descent in Python · Gradient Descent in TensorFlow

Unit 5Diagnostics for Data Meaningful Predictive Modelling

Regression Diagnostic · Over‑ and Under‑Fitting · Classification Diagnostics: Accuracy and Error · Classification Diagnostics: Precision and Recall · Codebase for Evaluation and Validation · Model Complexity and Regularization · Evaluating Classifiers for Ranking

Unit 1Introduction

Algorithms and Machine Learning · Introduction to algorithms · Tools to analyze algorithms · Algorithmic techniques: Divide and Conquer · Examples · Randomization · Applications

Unit 2Algorithms

Graphs · Maps · Map searching · Application of algorithms: stable marriages example · Dictionaries and hashing · Search trees · Dynamic programming

Unit 3Application to Personal Genomics

Linear Programming · NP completeness · Introduction to personal Genomics · Massive raw data in Genomics · Data science on personal genomes · Interconnectedness on personal genomes · Case studies

Unit 4Machine Learning

Introduction · Classification · Linear Classification · Ensemble classifiers · Model selection · Cross validation · Holdout

Unit 5Machine Learning Applications

Probabilistic modelling · Topic modelling · Probabilistic inference · Application: prediction of preterm birth · Data description and preparation · Relationship between machine learning and statistics

Unit 1Introduction to compiling & Lexical Analysis

Introduction to compiling & Lexical Analysis · Introduction of Compiler · Major data structures in compiler · Types of Compiler · Front‑end and Back‑end of compiler · Compiler structure: analysis‑synthesis model of compilation · Various phases of a compiler · Lexical analysis: Input buffering · Specification & Recognition of Tokens · Design of a Lexical Analyzer Generator · LEX

Unit 2Syntax Analysis & Syntax Directed Translation

Syntax Analysis & Syntax Directed Translation · Syntax analysis: CFGs · Top down parsing · Brute force approach · Recursive descent parsing · Transformation on the grammars · Predictive parsing · Bottom up parsing · Operator precedence parsing · LR parsers (SLR, LALR, LR) · Parser generation · Syntax directed definitions: Construction of Syntax trees · Bottom up evaluation of S‑attributed definition · L‑attribute definition · Top down translation · Bottom up evaluation of inherited attributes · Recursive Evaluation · Analysis of Syntax directed definition

Unit 3Type Checking & Run Time Environment

Type Checking & Run Time Environment · Type checking: type system · Specification of simple type checker · Equivalence of expression · Types · Type conversion · Overloading of functions and operations · Polymorphic functions · Run time Environment: storage organization · Storage allocation strategies · Parameter passing · Dynamic storage allocation · Symbol table · Error Detection & Recovery · Ad‑Hoc and Systematic Methods

Unit 4Code Generation

Code Generation · Intermediate code generation: Declarations · Assignment statements · Boolean expressions · Case statements · Back patching · Procedure calls · Issues in the design of code generator · Basic block and flow graphs · Register allocation and assignment · DAG representation of basic blocks · Peephole optimization · Generating code from DAG

Unit 5Code Optimization

Code Optimization · Introduction to Code optimization: sources of optimization of basic blocks · Loops in flow graphs · Dead code elimination · Loop optimization · Introduction to global data flow analysis · Code Improving transformations · Data flow analysis of structure flow graph · Symbolic debugging of optimized code

Unit 1Introduction to Virtual Reality

Virtual Reality and Virtual Environment: Introduction · Applications of Virtual Reality · Computer graphics · Real time computer graphics · Flight Simulation · Virtual environment requirement · Benefits of virtual reality · Historical development of VR · Scientific Landmark 3D Computer Graphics: Introduction · The Virtual world space · Positioning the virtual observer · The perspective projection · Human vision · Stereo perspective projection · 3D clipping · Colour theory · Simple 3D modeling · Illumination models · Reflection models · Shading algorithms · Radiosity · Hidden Surface Removal · Realism stereographic image

Unit 2Geometric Modeling

Geometric Modeling: Introduction · From 2D to 3D · 3D space curves · 3D boundary representation · Geometrical Transformations: Introduction · Frames of reference · Modeling transformations · Instances · Picking · Flying · Scaling the VE · Collision detection · Generic VR system: Introduction · Virtual environment · Computer environment · VR technology · Model of interaction · VR Systems

Unit 3Virtual Environment

Animating the Virtual Environment: Introduction · The dynamics of numbers · Linear interpolation · Nonlinear interpolation · Animation of objects · Linear translation · Non-linear translation · Shape & object inbetweening · Free form deformation · Particle system · Physical Simulation: Introduction · Objects falling in a gravitational field · Rotating wheels · Elastic collisions · Projectiles · Simple pendulum · Springs · Flight dynamics of an aircraft

Unit 4VR Hardware and Software

Human factors: Introduction · The eye · The ear · The somatic senses · VR Hardware: Introduction · Sensor hardware · Head-coupled displays · Acoustic hardware · Integrated VR systems · VR Software: Introduction · Modeling virtual world · Physical simulation · VR toolkits · Introduction to VRML

Unit 5Augmented and Mixed Reality

Taxonomy, technology and features of augmented reality · Difference between AR and VR · Challenges with AR · AR systems and functionality · Augmented reality methods · Visualization techniques for augmented reality · Wireless displays in educational augmented reality applications · Mobile projection interfaces · Marker-less tracking for augmented reality · Enhancing interactivity in AR environments · Evaluating AR systems

Unit 1Fundamentals of Agile Process

Introduction and background · Agile Manifesto and Principles · Stakeholders and Challenges · Overview of Agile Development Models: Scrum · Extreme Programming · Feature Driven Development · Crystal · Kanban · Lean Software Development

Unit 2Agile Projects

Planning for Agile Teams: Scrum Teams · Planning for Agile Teams: XP Teams · Planning for Agile Teams: General Agile Teams · Team Distribution · Agile Project Lifecycles: Typical Agile Project Lifecycles · Phase Activities · Product Vision · Release Planning: Creating the Product Backlog · User Stories · Prioritizing and Estimating · Creating the Release Plan · Monitoring and Adapting: Managing Risks and Issues · Retrospectives

Unit 3Introduction to Scrum

Agile Scrum Framework · Scrum Artifacts · Scrum Meetings · Scrum Activities and Roles · Scrum Team Simulation · Scrum Planning Principles · Product and Release Planning · Sprinting: Planning · Sprinting: Execution · Sprinting: Review · Sprinting: Retrospective · User story definition and Characteristics · Acceptance tests and Verifying stories · Burn‑down chart · Daily Scrum · Scrum Case Study

Unit 4Introduction to Extreme Programming (XP)

XP Lifecycle · The XP Team · XP Concepts: Refactoring · Technical Debt · Timeboxing · Stories · Velocity · Adopting XP: Prerequisites · Adopting XP: Challenges · Applying XP: Pair Programming · Collaborating · Release Planning · Development · XP Case Study

Unit 5Agile Software Design and Development

Agile design practices · Role of design principles · Need and significance of Refactoring · Refactoring techniques · Continuous Integration · Automated build tools · Version control · Agility and Quality Assurance: Agile Interaction Design · Agile approach to Quality Assurance · Test Driven Development · Pair programming: Issues and Challenges

Unit 1Introduction

Concept of WWW · Internet and WWW · HTTP Protocol: Request and Response · Web browser and Web servers · Features of Web 2.0 · Web Design: Concepts of effective web design · Web design issues including Browser, Bandwidth and Cache, Display resolution, Look and Feel of the Website, Page Layout and linking, User centric design · Sitemap · Planning and publishing website · Designing effective navigation

Unit 2HTML

Basics of HTML · Formatting and fonts · Commenting code · Color · Hyperlink · Lists · Tables · Images · Forms · XHTML · Meta tags · Character entities · Frames and frame sets · Browser architecture and Web site structure · Overview and features of HTML5

Unit 3Style sheets

Need for CSS · Introduction to CSS · Basic syntax and structure · Using CSS · Background images, colors and properties · Manipulating texts · Using fonts, borders and boxes, margins, padding lists · Positioning using CSS · CSS2 · Overview and features of CSS3 · JavaScript: Client side scripting with JavaScript · Variables, functions, conditions, loops and repetition · Pop up boxes · Advanced JavaScript: JavaScript and objects, JavaScript own objects, the DOM and web browser environments · Manipulation using DOM, forms and validations · DHTML: Combining HTML, CSS and JavaScript, Events and buttons

Unit 4XML

Introduction to XML · Uses of XML · Simple XML · XML key components · DTD and Schemas · Using XML with application · Transforming XML using XSL and XSLT · PHP: Introduction and basic syntax of PHP · Decision and looping with examples · PHP and HTML · Arrays · Functions · Browser control and detection · String handling · Form processing · Files · Advanced Features: Cookies and Sessions · Object Oriented Programming with PHP

Unit 5PHP and MySQL

Basic commands with PHP examples · Connection to server · Creating a database · Selecting a database · Listing database · Listing table names · Creating a table · Inserting data · Altering tables · Queries · Deleting database · Deleting data and tables · PHPMyAdmin and database bugs

Unit 1Software product life cycle

Software product life cycle

Unit 2Software product development standards

Software product development standards

Unit 3Design patterns – 1

Design patterns – 1

Unit 4Design Patterns – II

Design Patterns – II

Unit 5Case Study

Case Study