IT 3rd Semester Syllabus

Unit 1Introduction to Energy Science

Introduction to energy systems and resources · Introduction to Energy, sustainability & the environment · Overview of energy systems, sources, transformations, efficiency, and storage · Fossil fuels (coal, oil, oil-bearing shale and sands, coal gasification) - past, present & future · Remedies & alternatives for fossil fuels - biomass, wind, solar, nuclear, wave, tidal and hydrogen · Sustainability and environmental trade-offs of different energy systems · possibilities for energy storage or regeneration (Ex. Pumped storage hydro power projects, superconductor-based energy storages, high efficiency batteries)

Unit 2Ecosystems

Concept of an ecosystem · Structure and function of an ecosystem · Producers, consumers and decomposers · Energy flow in the ecosystem · Ecological succession · Food chains · food webs · ecological pyramids · Introduction, types, characteristic features, structure and function of the following ecosystem (a.)Forest ecosystem (b) Grassland ecosystem (c) Desert ecosystem (d) Aquatic ecosystems (ponds, streams, lakes, rivers, oceans, estuaries)

Unit 3Biodiversity and its conservation

Introduction – Definition: genetic, species and ecosystem diversity · Bio-geographical classification of India · Value of biodiversity: consumptive use, productive use, social, ethical, aesthetic and option values · Biodiversity at global, National and local levels · India as a mega-diversity nation · Hot-sports of biodiversity · Threats to biodiversity: habitat loss, poaching of wildlife, man-wildlife conflicts · Endangered and endemic species of India · Conservation of biodiversity: In-situ and Ex-situ conservation of biodiversity

Unit 4Environmental Pollution

Definition, Cause, effects and control measures of Air pollution, Water pollution, Soil pollution, Marine pollution, Noise pollution, Thermal pollution, Nuclear hazards · Solid waste Management: Causes, effects and control measures of urban and industrial wastes · Role of an individual in prevention of pollution · Pollution case studies · Disaster management: floods, earthquake, cyclone and landslides.

Unit 5Social Issues and the Environment

From Unsustainable to Sustainable development · Urban problems related to energy · Water conservation, rain water harvesting, watershed management · Resettlement and rehabilitation of people; its problems and concerns. Case Studies · Environmental ethics: Issues and possible solutions. · Climate change, global warming, acid rain, ozone layer depletion, nuclear accidents and holocaust. Case Studies · Wasteland reclamation · Consumerism and waste products · Environment Protection Act · Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act · Water (Prevention and control of Pollution) Act · Wildlife Protection Act · Forest Conservation Act · Issues involved in enforcement of environmental legislation · Public awareness

Unit 6Field work

Visit to a local area to document environmental assets-river/forest/grassland/hill/mountain · Visit to a local polluted site-Urban/Rural/Industrial/Agricultural · Study of common plants, insects, birds · Study of simple ecosystems-pond, river, hill slopes, etc

Unit 1Set Theory, Relation, Function, Theorem Proving Techniques

Definition of sets, countable and uncountable sets, Venn diagrams, proofs of general identities on sets · Definition of relations, types of relation, composition of relations, pictorial representation, equivalence relation, partial ordering relation, job scheduling problem · Definition of functions, types of functions, one‑to‑one, into and onto functions, inverse function, composition of functions, recursively defined functions, pigeonhole principle · Theorem‑proving techniques: mathematical induction and proof by contradiction

Unit 2Algebraic Structures

Definition, properties and types: semigroups, monoid, groups, abelian groups, subgroup, cyclic groups, normal subgroup, homomorphism and isomorphism of groups; examples and standard results · Rings and fields: definition and standard results

Unit 3Propositional Logic

Proposition, first‑order logic, basic logical operations, truth tables, tautologies, contradictions, algebra of propositions, logical implications, logical equivalence, predicates, normal forms, universal and existential quantifiers · Introduction to finite‑state machines: FSMs as models of physical‑system equivalence machines and as language recognizers

Unit 4Graph Theory

Introduction and basic terminology of graphs, planar graphs, multigraphs and weighted graphs, isomorphic graphs · Paths, cycles and connectivity, shortest path in weighted graphs · Eulerian paths and circuits, Hamiltonian paths and circuits · Graph colouring, chromatic number, isomorphism and homomorphism of graphs

Unit 5Posets, Hasse Diagram and Lattices

Ordered sets, Hasse diagrams of partially ordered sets, isomorphic ordered sets, well‑ordered sets, properties of lattices, bounded and complemented lattices · Combinatorics: introduction, permutations and combinations, binomial theorem · Recurrence relations and generating functions: introduction to recurrence relations, linear recurrence relations with constant coefficients, homogeneous solutions, particular solutions, total solutions, generating functions, solving by the method of generating functions

Unit 1Introduction

Data and data types · Data objects · Primitive and non‑primitive data structures · Linear and non‑linear data structures · Traversing operations on data structures · Searching operations on data structures · Insertion operations on data structures · Deletion operations on data structures · Complexity analysis (worst case, best case, average case) · Time‑space trade‑off · Algorithm efficiency · Asymptotic notations (big‑O, \Omega, \Theta)

Unit 2Arrays & Structure

Declaration of arrays · Insertion, deletion and merging of arrays · One‑dimensional and two‑dimensional arrays · Row‑major and column‑major representation · Address calculation in arrays · Storing values in arrays · Polynomial evaluation using arrays · Introduction to searching and sorting · Sequential search · Binary search · Fibonacci search · Indexed sequential search · Hashed search · Bubble sort · Heap sort · Insertion sort · Selection sort · Quick sort · Shell sort · Bucket sort · Radix sort · Merge sort

Unit 3Stacks & Queues

Basic concepts of stacks and queues · Array representation of stacks · Stack operations: push, pop, create, getTop, empty · Linked representation of stacks · Multiple stacks · Applications of stacks: infix, prefix, postfix conversion and arithmetic expression evaluation · Linked representation of queues · Queue operations: insertion, deletion · Types of queues: circular, dequeue, priority queue · Applications of queues: job scheduling, Josephus problem

Unit 4Linked List

Basic terminology of linked lists · Memory allocation and deallocation for linked lists · Variants: head pointer, head node · Linear and circular linked lists · Doubly linked list creation, deletion, insertion, traversal · Singly circular linked list · Circular linked list with header node · Doubly circular linked list · Applications: polynomial representation, garbage collection

Unit 5Trees and Graphs

General tree terminology and representation · Types of trees · Binary tree realization and properties · Binary tree traversals: inorder, preorder, postorder · Applications of trees · Graph basic terminology and representations · Graph search and traversal algorithms

Unit 1Introduction

Object oriented programming · Introduction · Application · Characteristics · Difference between object oriented and procedure programming · Comparison of C and C++ · Cout, Cin · Data type · Type conversion · Control statements · Loops · Arrays and string arrays fundamentals · Functions · Returning values from functions · Reference arguments · Overloaded function · Inline function · Default arguments · Returning by reference

Unit 2Object and Classes

Implementation of class and object in C++ · Access modifiers · Object as data type · Constructor · Destructor · Object as function arguments · Default copy constructor · Parameterized constructor · Returning object from function · Structures and classes · Classes, objects and memory · Static class data · Arrays of objects · Arrays as class member data · Standard C++ string class · Run‑time and compile‑time polymorphism

Unit 3Operator Overloading and Inheritance

Overloading unary operators · Overloading binary operators · Data conversion · Pitfalls of operator overloading · Concept of inheritance · Derived class and base class · Access modifiers in inheritance · Types of inheritance · Derived class constructors · Member functions in derived classes · Public and private inheritance

Unit 4Pointer and Virtual Function

Addresses and pointers · Address‑of operator and pointers to arrays · Pointer and function pointer · Memory management: new and delete · Pointers to objects · Debugging pointers · Virtual functions · Friend function · Static function · Friend class · Assignment and copy initialization · this pointer · Dynamic type information

Unit 5Streams and Files

Stream classes · Stream errors · Disk file I/O with streams · File pointers · Error handling in file I/O with member functions · Overloading extraction and insertion operators · Memory as a stream object · Command‑line arguments · Printer output · Function templates · Class templates · Exceptions · Containers · Exception handling

Unit 1Number systems and logic gates

Decimal, Binary, Octal, Hexadecimal number systems and radix conversion · BCD, Excess‑3, Gray, ASCII codes · Boolean algebra theorems and properties · Boolean functions · Canonical and standard forms · De Morgan's theorem · Digital logic gates · Karnaugh maps

Unit 2Combinational circuits

Introduction to combinational circuits · Multilevel NAND implementation · Multilevel NOR implementation · Design of binary adders · Design of binary subtractors · Decoder circuits · Encoder circuits · Multiplexer circuits · Demultiplexer circuits

Unit 3Sequential circuits

Introduction to sequential circuits · Flip‑flops: RS, D, T, JK, Master/Slave JK flip‑flops · Truth tables of flip‑flops · Excitation tables and characteristic equations · Clocked and edge‑triggered flip‑flops · Registers: definition, serial registers, parallel registers, shift left/right registers · Johnson counter · Asynchronous counters · Synchronous counters

Unit 4Digital logic families

Bipolar and unipolar logic families · Digital IC specifications · RTL (Resistor‑Transistor Logic) · DTL (Diode‑Transistor Logic) · TTL (Transistor‑Transistor Logic) types · ECL (Emitter‑Coupled Logic) · IIL (Integrated Injection Logic) · PMOS logic · NMOS logic · CMOS logic

Unit 5Clocks and timing circuits

Bistable multivibrator · Monostable multivibrator · Astable multivibrator · Schmitt trigger circuit · Introduction to analog‑to‑digital converters (ADC) · Introduction to digital‑to‑analog converters (DAC) · Display devices: 7‑segment LED display · Display devices: 16‑segment LED display · LCD display

Unit 1Overview of Java, Installation, First Simple Program, Compilation process, Java Keywords, Identifiers, Literals, Comments, Data Types, Variables, Dynamic initialization, type conversion and casting, Operators, Control Statements.

Overview of Java · Installation · First Simple Program · Compilation process · Java Keywords · Identifiers · Literals · Comments · Data Types · Variables · Dynamic initialization · type conversion and casting · Operators · Control Statements

Unit 2Declaring Objects, Introducing Methods, Constructors, this Keyword, Garbage Collection, finalize Method, Overloading Methods, Overloading Constructors, Using Objects as Parameters, Inheritance, Creating a Multilevel Hierarchy, Packages and Interfaces, Exception Handling, Multithreaded

Declaring Objects · Introducing Methods · Constructors · this Keyword · Garbage Collection · finalize Method · Overloading Methods · Overloading Constructors · Using Objects as Parameters · Inheritance · Creating a Multilevel Hierarchy · Packages and Interfaces · Exception Handling · Multithreaded

Unit 3The Applet Class: Applet Basics, The Applet Class, Applet Architecture, Applet Initialization and Termination, Simple Applet Display Methods, Simple Banner Applet, Using the Status Window, The HTML APPLET Tag, Passing Parameters to Applets, Improving the Banner Applet.

Applet Basics · The Applet Class · Applet Architecture · Applet Initialization and Termination · Simple Applet Display Methods · Simple Banner Applet · Using the Status Window · The HTML APPLET Tag · Passing Parameters to Applets · Improving the Banner Applet

Unit 4Introducing the AWT: Working with Windows, Graphics, and Text, AWT Classes, Window Fundamentals, Component, Container, Panel, Frame, Handling Events in a Frame Window, AWT Controls, Layout Managers, Menus, Adding and Removing Controls, Grid Layout, Border Layout, introduction to swing and servlet.

Working with Windows · Graphics · Text · AWT Classes · Window Fundamentals · Component · Container · Panel · Frame · Handling Events in a Frame Window · AWT Controls · Layout Managers · Menus · Adding and Removing Controls · Grid Layout · Border Layout · introduction to swing and servlet

Unit 5Event Handling, Two Event Handling Mechanisms, The Delegation Event Model, Events, Event Sources, Event Listeners, Event Classes, The Mouse Event Class and others, JDBC: JDBCODBC bridge, the connectivity model, the driver manager, navigating the result set object contents, the JDBC exceptional classes, connecting to remote database.

Event Handling · Two Event Handling Mechanisms · The Delegation Event Model · Events · Event Sources · Event Listeners · Event Classes · The Mouse Event Class and others · JDBC: JDBCODBC bridge · the connectivity model · the driver manager · navigating the result set object contents · the JDBC exceptional classes · connecting to remote database