Skip to content
CampusPrep

EX-701 RGPV B.Tech

Power System Protection (PSP)

Previous year papers and the official syllabus are free to read, no account needed.

Previous Year Papers

5 papers, latest Dec 2025

Free
See all 5 papers

Syllabus, notes and important questions for EX-701

Syllabus units

Topics as the official RGPV syllabus lists them.

Unit 1 Fault Analysis 12 topics
  • Faults in power systems
  • Single line diagram
  • Equivalent impedance diagram
  • Per unit reactances
  • Analysis of power systems by symmetrical components under three‑phase short circuit
  • Line‑to‑line fault analysis
  • Line‑to‑ground fault analysis
  • Double line‑to‑ground fault analysis
  • Sequence networks and their inter‑connections for different types of faults
  • Effects of fault impedance
  • Current limiting reactors – applications, types, construction and location
  • Short‑circuit calculation using reactors
Unit 1 notes
Unit 2 Relays 11 topics
  • General considerations and sensing of faults
  • Construction of electromagnetic attraction‑type relays
  • Construction of electromagnetic induction‑type relays
  • Buchholz relay and negative‑sequence relay
  • Concept of reset, pick‑up, inverse‑time and definite‑time characteristics
  • Over‑current, over‑voltage, directional, differential and distance relays on R‑X diagram
  • Static relays – introduction, advantages and limitations
  • Static over‑current relay
  • Static directional relay
  • Static distance relay
  • Static differential relay
Unit 2 notes
Unit 3 Protection 8 topics
  • Types and detection of faults and their effects
  • Alternator protection scheme (stator, rotor, reverse‑power protection, etc.)
  • Power transformer protection – external and internal faults
  • Generator‑transformer unit protection scheme
  • Bus‑bar protection
  • Transmission line protection – current/time grading and distance protection
  • Pilot relaying schemes
  • Power‑line carrier protection
Unit 3 notes
Unit 4 Switchgear 6 topics
  • Theory of current interruption – energy‑balance and recovery‑rate theory
  • Arc quenching, recovery and restriking voltages
  • Types of circuit breakers: bulk oil, minimum oil, air‑break, air‑blast, SF\(_6\), vacuum
  • Rating selection and testing of circuit breakers and operating mechanisms
  • Low‑tension (LT) switchgear
  • HRC fuses – types, construction and applications
Unit 4 notes
Unit 5 Modern Trends In Protection 5 topics
  • Electronic relays
  • Static‑relay functional circuits: comparators, level detectors, logic and timing circuits
  • Microprocessor‑ and computer‑based protection schemes
  • Software development for protection
  • Security and reliability of protection systems
Unit 5 notes
Read the full syllabus

Exam insights

Counted from 5 past EX-701 papers.

Marks asked per paper, by unit

  • Unit 1 Fault Analysis 18 marks
  • Unit 2 Relays 18 marks
  • Unit 3 Protection 25 marks
  • Unit 4 Switchgear 22 marks
  • Unit 5 Modern Trends In Protection 13 marks

Average marks of the questions from each unit in one paper. You answer only some of them, so the total is more than the paper’s maximum.

Asked again and again

  1. Explain the meaning of PILOT in power line protection and how power line carrier protection is implemented.

    Asked 3 times: 2025, 2024, 2022

  2. Determine the time of operation of an IDMT over-current relay given plug setting, time multiplier setting, CT ratio and fault current using the relay characteristic curve.

    Asked 3 times: 2025, 2023, 2022

  3. Explain the basis on which protection zones in a transmission line are categorized in terms of current, time grading and distance.

    Asked 3 times: 2024, 2022, 2020

Other 7th semester EX subjects