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EX-701 · Power System Protection/Official Syllabus

Power System Protection (EX-701) - Official Syllabus

1
Unit 1

Fault Analysis

  • Faults in power systems
  • single line diagram
  • equivalent impedance diagram
  • per unit reactances
  • Analysis (using matrices) of power systems by symmetrical components
  • Three phase short circuit
  • Line to line fault
  • Line to ground fault
  • Double line to ground fault
  • Sequence networks and their inter connections for different types of faults
  • effects of fault impedance
  • Current Limiting Reactors: Applications
  • types
  • construction and location of current limiting reactors
  • short circuit calculation using reactors
2
Unit 2

Relays

  • General considerations
  • sensing of faults
  • construction of electro-magnetic attraction and induction types relays
  • Buchholz and negative sequence relay
  • concept of reset
  • pick up
  • inverse time and definite time characteristics
  • over current , over voltage
  • directional
  • differential and distance relays on R-X diagram
  • Static Relays: Introduction
  • advantage and limitation of static relays
  • static over current
  • directional, distance and differential relays
3
Unit 3

Protection

  • Types & detection of faults and their effects
  • alternator protection scheme (stator, rotor, reverse power protection etc.)
  • Power transformer protection (external and internal faults protection)
  • generator-transformer unit protection scheme
  • bus bar protection
  • Transmission line protection (current/time grading, distance)
  • Pilot relaying schemes
  • power line carrier protection
4
Unit 4

Switchgear

  • Theory of current interruption- energy balance and recovery rate theory
  • arc quenching
  • recovery and restriking voltages
  • Types of circuit breakers
  • bulk oil and minimum oil
  • air break and air blast
  • sulphurhexafluride ($SF_6$) and vacuum circuit breakers
  • Rating selection and testing of circuit breakers/operating mechanisms
  • LT switchgear
  • HRC fuses, types construction and applications
5
Unit 5

Modern Trends In Protection

  • Electronic relays, static relays functional circuits
  • comparators
  • level detectors
  • logic and training circuits
  • microprocessor and computer based protection schemes
  • software development for protection
  • security & reliability

Laboratory Experiments

  • Determination of drop out factor of an instantaneous over current relay
  • Determination of operating characteristic of IDMT relay
  • Determination of operating characteristic of differential relay
  • Study and operation of gas actuated protective relay
  • Study and operation of static over current relay
  • Determination of transmission line parameters using MATLAB
  • Analysis of power system faults (Symmetrical & Asymmetrical) using MATLAB
  • Study of SF6 circuit breaker
  • Protectional simulation study of generator, Transformer, Feeder & Motor protection

Reference Books

  • Protective Relays : Their Theory and Practice, Vol 1 & 2
  • Transmission Network Protection: Theory and Practice
  • Protective Relays : Application Guide
  • Art & Science of Protective Relaying
  • Power systems protection and switchgear
  • Switchgear and protection
  • Switchgear Principle
  • Power System Protection, Vol. 1,2 &3
  • Power System Protection
  • Power System Protection & Switchgear
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