Cyber Security 6th Semester Syllabus

Unit 1Cyber Crime

Definition, nature and extent of cyber crimes in India and other countries · Classification of cyber crimes · Differences between conventional crimes and cyber crimes · Trends in cyber crimes across the world

Unit 2Forms of Cyber Crimes

Cyber bullying, hacking, cracking, DoS attacks · Viruses, worms, logical bombs, time bombs, email bombing · Data diddling, salami attacks, phishing, steganography, cyberstalking, spoofing, cyber pornography, defamation · Computer vandalism, crimes through social networking sites, malware, social engineering · Credit‑card frauds, financial frauds, telecom frauds · Cloud‑based frauds, e‑commerce frauds and other emerging forms

Unit 3Profile of Cyber Criminals

Cyber crime psychology and related theoretical frameworks · Learning, motivation, personality and intelligence theories of cyber criminals · Criminal profiling techniques · Economic impact of cyber crimes on individuals, corporations, governments and nations · Psychological and sociological impact of cyber crimes

Unit 4Modus Operandi of Various Cyber Crimes and Frauds

Fraud triangle and fraud detection techniques with counter‑measures · Intrusion analysis as a core skill set · Methods for performing intrusion analysis and the intrusion kill chain · Passive discovery of activity in historical data and logs · Detecting future threat actions and capabilities · Denial of access to threats, delaying and degrading adversary tactics and malware · Identifying intrusion patterns and key indicators

Unit 1The Software Product and Software Process

Software Product and Process Characteristics · Software Process Models: Linear Sequential Model, Prototyping Model, RAD Model, Evolutionary Process Models such as Incremental Model, Spiral Model, Component Assembly Model, RUP and Agile processes · Software Process customization and improvement · Capability Maturity Model (CMM) · Product and Process Metrics

Unit 2Requirement Elicitation, Analysis, and Specification

Functional and Non‑functional requirements · Requirement sources and elicitation techniques · Analysis modeling for function‑oriented and object‑oriented software development · Use‑case modeling · System and software requirement specifications · Requirement validation and traceability

Unit 3Software Design

Software design process · Design concepts and principles · Software modeling and UML · Architectural design · Architectural views and styles · User interface design · Function‑oriented design · SA/SD component‑based design · Design metrics

Unit 4Software Analysis and Testing

Software static and dynamic analysis · Code inspections · Software testing fundamentals · Software test process · Testing levels · Test criteria · Test case design · Test oracles · Test techniques · Black‑box testing · White‑box unit testing and unit‑testing frameworks · Integration testing · System testing and other specialized testing · Test plan · Test metrics · Testing tools · Introduction to object‑oriented analysis, design and comparison with structured software engineering

Unit 5Software Maintenance & Software Project Measurement

Need and types of maintenance · Software configuration management (SCM) · Software change management · Version control · Change control and reporting · Program comprehension techniques · Reengineering, reverse engineering and tool support · Project management concepts · Feasibility analysis · Project and process planning · Resources allocation · Software effort, schedule and cost estimations · Project scheduling and tracking · Risk assessment and mitigation · Software quality assurance (SQA) · Project plan · Project metrics

Unit 1Introduction

Concept of WWW and Internet · HTTP protocol – request and response · Web browsers and web servers · Features of Web 2.0 · Effective web design concepts · Web‑design issues: browser compatibility, bandwidth, cache · Display resolution considerations · Look and feel of a website · Page layout and linking techniques · User‑centric design principles · Sitemap creation and planning · Publishing a website · Designing effective navigation

Unit 2HTML

Basics of HTML · Formatting and fonts in HTML · Commenting code · Use of color · Hyperlinks · Lists (ordered, unordered, definition) · Tables · Embedding images · HTML forms · XHTML basics · Meta tags · Character entities · Frames and frame sets · Browser architecture and website structure · Overview and features of HTML5

Unit 3Style Sheets, JavaScript and DHTML

Need for CSS · Introduction to CSS · Basic CSS syntax and structure · Applying CSS background images · CSS colors and properties · Manipulating text with CSS · Using fonts in CSS · Borders and box model · Margins and padding · Positioning elements using CSS · CSS2 features · Overview and features of CSS3 · Client‑side scripting with JavaScript · JavaScript variables, functions, conditions, loops and repetition · Pop‑up boxes in JavaScript · Advanced JavaScript: objects and custom objects · Document Object Model (DOM) and browser environments · DOM manipulation · Form validation with JavaScript · DHTML – combining HTML, CSS and JavaScript · Event handling and button interactions

Unit 4XML and PHP

Introduction to XML · Uses of XML · Simple XML structures · Key components of XML · Document Type Definitions (DTD) and XML Schemas · Using XML with applications · Transforming XML with XSL and XSLT · Introduction to PHP and basic syntax · Decision structures and looping in PHP · Embedding PHP within HTML · PHP arrays and functions · Browser control and detection in PHP · String handling in PHP · Form processing with PHP · File handling in PHP · Advanced PHP features: cookies and sessions · Object‑oriented programming with PHP

Unit 6PHP and MySQL

Basic PHP commands · Connecting to MySQL server from PHP · Creating a MySQL database · Selecting a database · Listing databases and table names · Creating tables · Inserting data into tables · Altering tables · Executing queries · Deleting databases, tables and data · Using phpMyAdmin · Common database bugs and troubleshooting

Unit 1History and Classical Cryptography

History of cryptography · Background in probability and algorithms · Classical cryptography: shift cipher, monoalphabetic substitution cipher, polyalphabetic substitution cipher · Encryption with perfect secrecy and one‑time pad · Implementation aspects: shared secret randomness vs perfect secrecy · Modern cryptography principles: one‑way functions, trapdoor functions, hard‑core bits · Construction of a public‑key cryptosystem based on general cryptographic primitives · Implementation aspects: computational efficiency vs hardness

Unit 2Number Theory, Reductions and Symmetric Encryption

Algorithmic number theory and cryptographic assumptions · Reductions and proofs by reductions · Number‑theoretic candidates for cryptographic primitives (e.g., factoring) · Public‑key cryptosystems derived from number‑theory problems · Brief discussion of quantum computing · Large integer arithmetic for implemented public‑key cryptosystems · Randomness and pseudo‑randomness: PRGs, PRFs, permutations · Symmetric encryption: security notions and schemes based on pseudo‑randomness primitives · Security proofs for symmetric encryption schemes · Implementation aspects: generating and testing randomness

Unit 3Block Ciphers, Modes, Cryptanalysis and Message Authentication

Block ciphers: DES, Triple‑DES, AES · Substitution‑permutation networks and Feistel networks · Modes of operation: ECB, CBC, OFB, Counter, GCM · Cryptanalysis attacks: exhaustive, linear, differential, meet‑in‑the‑middle · Key length considerations and security‑performance trade‑offs · Message authentication: CBC‑MAC, HMAC, collision‑resistant hashes (MD5, SHA‑1, SHA‑2, SHA‑3) · CCA security for symmetric encryption · Combined confidentiality and integrity schemes · Application case study: password‑based secure computer access · Implementation aspects: security‑performance‑features trade‑offs

Unit 4Asymmetric Encryption and Advanced Primitives

Number‑theoretic primitives: discrete logarithms, elliptic curves · Asymmetric encryption constructions: RSA variants, El Gamal, hybrid encryption · Security‑performance‑features trade‑offs for asymmetric schemes · Malleable and homomorphic encryption: Paillier, brief overview of Gentry’s scheme · Advanced schemes achieving various security notions (e.g., Cramer‑Shoup) · Identity‑based encryption · Implementation aspects: security‑performance‑trust trade‑offs

Unit 1Introduction to compiling & Lexical Analysis

Introduction to compiling & Lexical Analysis · Introduction of Compiler · Major data structures in compiler · Types of Compiler · Front‑end and Back‑end of compiler · Compiler structure: analysis‑synthesis model of compilation · Various phases of a compiler · Lexical analysis: input buffering · Specification & recognition of tokens · Design of a lexical analyzer generator · LEX

Unit 2Syntax Analysis & Syntax Directed Translation

Syntax analysis & syntax directed translation · Syntax analysis: context‑free grammars (CFGs) · Top‑down parsing · Brute‑force approach · Recursive‑descent parsing · Transformation on the grammars · Predictive parsing · Bottom‑up parsing · Operator‑precedence parsing · LR parsers (SLR, LALR, LR) · Parser generation · Syntax‑directed definitions: construction of syntax trees · Bottom‑up evaluation of S‑attributed definitions · L‑attributed definitions · Top‑down translation · Bottom‑up evaluation of inherited attributes · Recursive evaluation · Analysis of syntax‑directed definitions

Unit 3Type Checking & Run‑Time Environment

Type checking & run‑time environment · Type checking: type system · Specification of a simple type checker · Equivalence of expressions · Types and type conversion · Overloading of functions and operations · Polymorphic functions · Run‑time environment: storage organization · Storage allocation strategies · Parameter passing · Dynamic storage allocation · Symbol table management · Error detection & recovery · Ad‑hoc and systematic methods

Unit 4Code Generation

Intermediate code generation: declarations · Intermediate code generation: assignment statements · Intermediate code generation: boolean expressions · Intermediate code generation: case statements · Intermediate code generation: back‑patching · Intermediate code generation: procedure calls · Code generation issues in the design of a code generator · Basic block and flow‑graph construction · Register allocation and assignment · DAG representation of basic blocks · Peephole optimization · Generating code from DAGs

Unit 5Code Optimization

Introduction to code optimization · Sources of optimization for basic blocks · Loops in flow graphs · Dead code elimination · Loop optimization · Introduction to global data‑flow analysis · Code‑improving transformations · Data‑flow analysis of structured flow graphs · Symbolic debugging of optimized code

Unit 1Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity

Introduction · Terminologies · Disaster Types · Consequences of Disaster · Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity · Principles of Disaster Recovery and Business Continuity · Issues in Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity · Addressed Activities · Solutions · Best Practices · International Strategy for Disaster Reduction (ISDR)

Unit 2Nature and Causes of Disasters

Nature of Disasters · Categorization of Disasters · Natural Disasters – Earthquakes · Protecting Yourself During Earthquake · Volcanoes · Protection from Volcanoes · Forecasting Volcanoes · Estimating Earthquakes · Earthquakes · Tsunami · Protecting Yourself During Tsunami · Landslides · Effects of Landslides · Protecting Yourself from Landslides · Floods · Effect of Floods · Prevention Measures · Wildfires Safety Measures · Drought · Consequences of Drought · Measures to Overcome Drought Effects · Man‑Made Disasters · Accidents · Power Outage · Telecommunication Outage · Categorization of Human Intentional Disasters

Unit 3Emergency Management

Need for Emergency Management · Phases of Emergency Management · Mitigation · Preparedness · Response · Recovery · Effect of Disaster on Business Organizations · Emergency Management for Business Organizations · FEMA – Federal Emergency Management Agency · Activities of FEMA

Unit 4Laws and Acts

Introduction to Applicable Acts in Disaster Recovery · Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) · Gramm‑Leach‑Bliley Act · Flood Disaster Protection Act of 1973 · CAN‑SPAM Act of 2003 · Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act (PIPEDA) · Data Protection Act 1998 (Europe) · Transmission of Personal Data · Directive 2002/58/EC (Personal Data) · Directive 95/46/EC · Insurance, Financial Groups Directive (FGD) · OECD Financial Transactions Reporting (FTR) Act 1988 · Foundation of Personal Data Security Law

Unit 5Business Continuity Management

Business Continuity Planning · Objectives of Business Continuity Planning · Essential Resources in Business Continuity Planning · Business Continuity Management Planning Steps in ISO · Risk Analysis · Risk Assessment · Basic Elements of Risk Assessment · Business Impact Analysis (BIA) · Components of Business Impact Analysis · Threat Analysis · Crisis Management Steps

Unit 1Overview of Object Oriented concepts

Objects and classes · Abstraction · Generalization and inheritance · Encapsulation · Multiple inheritance · Aggregation abstraction classes · Polymorphism · Link and association · Need for object oriented approach

Unit 2System design life cycle and Object Oriented Analysis

System design life cycle · Object oriented software development process model · Object Oriented Analysis · Object Modeling Technique (OMT) – object model · Object Modeling Technique (OMT) – function model · Relationship among models · Object diagrams · State diagrams · Data flow diagrams · Analysis

Unit 3Object Oriented Design

Overview of object design · Combination of the models · Designing algorithms · Design optimization · Implementation of control · Adjustment · Design of association · Object representation · Physical packaging · Documenting design decision · Comparison of use‑case driven approach

Unit 4Translation of Object Oriented Design into Implementation

Translation of OOD into implementation · Programming style · Documentation · Characterization of object oriented languages · Comparison of object oriented languages such as C++ and Java · Object programming

Unit 5Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Object Oriented Databases

UML – class diagram · UML – sequence diagram · UML – use case diagram · UML – collaboration diagram · UML – state chart diagram · UML – activity diagram · UML – component diagram · UML – deployment diagram · Object oriented database – relational vs object oriented database · Architecture of object oriented database · Query language for object oriented database

Unit 1Data Warehousing

Need for data warehousing · Basic elements of data warehousing · Data Mart · Data Warehouse Architecture · Extract and load process · Clean and transform data · Star, Snowflake and Galaxy schemas for multidimensional databases · Fact and dimension data · Partitioning strategy – horizontal and vertical partitioning

Unit 2OLAP Technology and Data Warehouse Implementation

Data Warehouse and OLAP technology · Multidimensional data models and different OLAP operations · OLAP server: ROLAP, MOLAP · Data Warehouse implementation · Efficient computation of data cubes · Processing of OLAP queries · Indexing data

Unit 3Data Mining

Data preprocessing · Data integration and transformation · Data reduction · Discretization and concept hierarchy generation · Basics of data mining · Data mining techniques · KDP (Knowledge Discovery Process) · Application and challenges of data mining · Web structure mining · Web usage mining · Spatial mining · Text mining · Security issues · Privacy issues · Ethical issues

Unit 4Mining Association Rules in Large Databases

Association rule mining · Single‑dimensional Boolean association rules · Multi‑level association rules · Apriori algorithm · Fp‑Growth algorithm · Time‑series mining association rules · Latest trends in association‑rules mining

Unit 5Classification and Clustering

Distance measures for classification and clustering · Types of clustering · K‑Means algorithm · Decision tree induction · Bayesian classification · Association‑rule based classification · Other classification methods · Prediction · Classifier accuracy · Categorization of methods · Partitioning methods · Outlier analysis