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CY-603 (B) Applied Cryptography Notes

5 notes for Applied Cryptography, unit by unit.

Unit 1 · Short notes History and Classical Cryptography History of cryptography · Background in probability and algorithms · Classical cryptography: shift cipher, monoalphabetic substitution cipher, polyalphabetic substitution cipher · Encryption with perfect secrecy and one‑time pad · Implementation aspects: shared secret randomness vs perfect secrecy · Modern cryptography principles: one‑way functions, trapdoor functions, hard‑core bits
Unit 2 · Short notes Number Theory, Reductions and Symmetric Encryption Algorithmic number theory and cryptographic assumptions · Reductions and proofs by reductions · Number‑theoretic candidates for cryptographic primitives (e.g., factoring) · Public‑key cryptosystems derived from number‑theory problems · Brief discussion of quantum computing · Large integer arithmetic for implemented public‑key cryptosystems
Unit 3 · Short notes Block Ciphers, Modes, Cryptanalysis and Message Authentication Block ciphers: DES, Triple‑DES, AES · Substitution‑permutation networks and Feistel networks · Modes of operation: ECB, CBC, OFB, Counter, GCM · Cryptanalysis attacks: exhaustive, linear, differential, meet‑in‑the‑middle · Key length considerations and security‑performance trade‑offs · Message authentication: CBC‑MAC, HMAC, collision‑resistant hashes (MD5, SHA‑1, SHA‑2, SHA‑3)
Unit 4 · Short notes Asymmetric Encryption and Advanced Primitives Number‑theoretic primitives: discrete logarithms, elliptic curves · Asymmetric encryption constructions: RSA variants, El Gamal, hybrid encryption · Security‑performance‑features trade‑offs for asymmetric schemes · Malleable and homomorphic encryption: Paillier, brief overview of Gentry’s scheme · Advanced schemes achieving various security notions (e.g., Cramer‑Shoup) · Identity‑based encryption
CY-603-B Applied Cryptography - Unit 5 Short Notes

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