Environmental Engineering-I (CE-602) - Important Questions

Using logistic curve method with three censuses at equal intervals, determine saturation population, logistic equation/coefficients and forecast population for next interval.

Numerically compute fire demand using empirical formulae such as Kuichling's and Boston's formula for a given population

Discuss the factors affecting per capita / water demand of water supply.

Forecast population by Arithmetic Increase Method and Geometric Increase Method.

Explain the Incremental Increase Method and the Decreasing Rate of Growth Method for population forecasting and compare them.

Explain fire demand, factors influencing it, and the empirical equations/methods used for its estimation

Discuss the methods used for population forecasting and their significance in planning water infrastructure projects.

What are the various sources of water used in water supply schemes? Discuss their merits and demerits from quality and quantity point of view.

Explain the concept and importance of water demand, factors influencing it, and methods for its estimation.

Analyse the fluctuations in water demand over time in an urban area. Discuss the factors contributing to these fluctuations and propose strategies for managing them effectively.

Numerical estimation of average daily demand, maximum daily demand, maximum hourly demand and fire demand for a given population and per capita consumption.

Project population by Arithmetic Increase Method and Incremental Increase Method to estimate domestic water requirement.

Explain the water quality standards including physical, chemical and biological characteristics of drinking water with desirable limits as per BIS standards.

Explain bacteriological analysis of water including total count test, membrane filter technique, coliform index / E-coli and Most Probable Number (MPN)

Compare the differences between centrifugal pumps and displacement (positive displacement) type pumps.

Discuss the layouts of distribution systems with the help of sketches.

Write a note on various water-borne diseases.

Short notes on sources of water, types of intake structures, aeration, sewer appurtenances and oxygen sag analysis

Discuss the design aspects of pipelines.

Factors governing the selection of intake structures

Discuss the merits and demerits of different kinds of pipes.

Describe various tests conducted for physical examination of water

What are intake structures and explain the types/working of canal, river and reservoir intakes with diagram

Explain various methods to determine turbidity of a water sample

What is disinfection? Explain break point chlorination.

Describe the design principles and working/process of coagulation-flocculation and sedimentation with coagulation units with sketches, including factors affecting coagulation and commonly used chemicals.

What is sedimentation and describe the various types of sedimentation tanks used.

Explain the purposes served by aeration and list any four methods of aeration.

Explain the water treatment units: Flash Mixer, Clariflocculator and Tube Settler.

Compare the design and working features of slow sand filter and rapid sand filter.

Design a coagulation-cum-sedimentation tank for a given population and per capita water demand.

Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of soda-lime process and ion exchange methods of water softening.

Explain why coagulants are used in water/waste treatment and list various coagulants used.

Define coagulation and describe various methods of application/dosing of coagulants.

Draw a neat sketch of a slow sand filter and explain its working.

Draw a neat flow chart of water treatment plant and explain it.

Explain variation / fluctuation in sewage inflow including average flow, dry weather flow and maximum flow.

Describe sewer appurtenances in detail / write briefly about sewer appurtenances.

Explain the conservancy system and the water carriage system for sanitation, including comparison.

Explain the factors affecting the selection of materials for sewer construction

Describe the construction and working with neat sketches of house sewer connection, catch basin and manhole.

Explain the construction and laying techniques for sewers, including quality control and safety measures

Describe the process of collection and conveyance of sewage in a sewerage system.

Discuss the role of sewerage systems in promoting public health, environmental protection and sustainable development.

Briefly explain the design analysis of sewer tank.

Discuss the different types of sewer networks and their suitability for various urban settings.

Discuss challenges of managing stormwater quantity in urban areas and explain methods for stormwater collection, conveyance and treatment in integrated sewerage systems.

With the help of neat sketches, explain manholes and lamp holes.

Explain the concept of BOD and COD, their principles, measurement, and comparison of applications.

Explain the different natural methods of waste water disposal

Explain briefly about the following (any four)

Define wastewater and describe its physical, chemical and biological characteristics, and explain the significance of wastewater analysis for water quality management.

Discuss the role of microorganisms in wastewater treatment and the factors influencing their activity.

Describe the processes involved in the decomposition of organic matter in waste water.

Discuss the importance of sustainable wastewater management practices in achieving water security and environmental sustainability.

What is Population equivalent? Calculate the population equivalent if the average standard $BOD_5$ of industrial sewage comes out to be 300 kg/day?

Calculate BOD from dilution DO measurements after incubation.

Numerical determination of critical oxygen deficit, its location and BOD at critical point using Streeter-Phelps equations with temperature correction

Write short note on disposal by dilution, draw labelled oxygen sag curve and explain its importance

Calculate BOD for different duration and temperature using BOD rate constant and temperature correction.

Explain with neat sketch and their advantages :

Discuss various methods of sewage treatment. Explain Primary, Secondary and Tertiary Treatment.

Write short notes on any two :

Differentiate between storage and service reservoirs. Explain unit operations.

Write a note on distribution reservoirs. Where are these located? How do you determine the storage capacity of balancing reservoir by mass curve method for 24 hours pumping?

Explain activated sludge treatment in detail.

Write a short notes on any two:

Describe the various considerations to be taken while planning and sitting a waste water treatment plant.