EC-402 RGPV B.Tech
Signals & Systems (SS)
Previous year papers and the official syllabus are free to read, no account needed.
Previous Year Papers
7 papers, latest Jun 2026
- EC-402 paper, Jun 2026
- EC-402 paper, Jun 2025
- EC-402 paper, Dec 2024
- EC-402 paper, Jun 2024
- EC-402 paper, Nov 2023
- EC-402 paper, Jun 2023
Syllabus, notes and important questions for EC-402
Syllabus units
Topics as the official RGPV syllabus lists them.
Unit 1 Introduction of Signals and Systems 7 topics
- Definition of signal
- Classification of signals and representation (continuous‑time, discrete‑time, even/odd, periodic/aperiodic, random/deterministic, energy/power, one/multidimensional, standard signals)
- Basic operations on signals for continuous‑time / discrete‑time
- Transformation of independent and dependent variables
- Definition of system and its classification (CT/DT, linear/non‑linear, time‑variant/time‑invariant, causal/non‑causal, state/dynamic system)
- Interconnection of systems
- System properties: linearity (additivity, homogeneity), shift‑invariance, causality, stability, realizability
Unit 2 Linear Time‑Invariant Systems 7 topics
- Introduction to LTI systems
- Impulse response representation for LTI systems
- Convolution
- Properties of the impulse‑response representation for LTI systems
- Difference equation for LTI systems
- Block diagram representations (direct form‑I, direct form‑II, transpose, cascade, parallel)
- Impulse response of DT‑LTI system and its properties
Unit 3 z‑Transform 9 topics
- Introduction to the z‑transform
- Region of convergence (ROC) of finite‑duration sequences
- ROC of infinite‑duration sequences
- Relation between discrete‑time Fourier transform and z‑transform
- Properties of the ROC
- Properties of the z‑transform
- Inverse z‑transform
- Analysis of discrete‑time LTI systems using the z‑transform
- Unilateral z‑transform
Unit 4 Fourier Analysis of Discrete‑Time Signals 7 topics
- Introduction to Fourier analysis of discrete‑time signals
- Properties and applications of discrete‑time Fourier series
- Representation of aperiodic signals
- Fourier transform and its properties
- Convergence of the discrete‑time Fourier transform
- Fourier transform for periodic signals
- Applications of the DTFT
Unit 5 State‑Space Analysis and Multi‑Input Multi‑Output Representation 5 topics
- State‑space analysis and multi‑input, multi‑output representation
- State‑transition matrix and its role
- The sampling theorem and its implications
- Spectra of sampled signals
- Signal reconstruction
Exam insights
Counted from 7 past EC-402 papers.
Marks asked per paper, by unit
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Unit 1 Introduction of Signals and Systems 26 marks
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Unit 2 Linear Time- Invariant Systems 17 marks
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Unit 3 z-Transform 24 marks
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Unit 4 Fourier analysis of discrete time signals 14 marks
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Unit 5 State-space analysis and multi-input, multi-output representation 18 marks
Average marks of the questions from each unit in one paper. You answer only some of them, so the total is more than the paper’s maximum.
Asked again and again
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Explain and distinguish the classification of signals: continuous-time vs discrete-time, unit step vs unit ramp, periodic vs aperiodic, deterministic vs random, energy vs power, and even vs odd, with examples.
Asked 6 times: 2026, 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022
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State and prove/explain the properties of Z-transform including time shifting, convolution, initial value theorem, differentiation and integration
Asked 6 times: 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022, 2020, 2019
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Define the state transition matrix and explain its role / importance in dynamic system analysis.
Asked 5 times: 2026, 2024, 2020, 2019