EC-302 RGPV B.Tech
Electronic Measurements and Instrumentation (EMI)
Previous year papers and the official syllabus are free to read, no account needed.
Previous Year Papers
7 papers, latest Dec 2025
- EC-302 paper, Dec 2025
- EC-302 paper, Jun 2025
- EC-302 paper, Dec 2024
- EC-302 paper, Jun 2024
- EC-302 paper, Dec 2023
- EC-302 paper, Jun 2023
Syllabus, notes and important questions for EC-302
Syllabus units
Topics as the official RGPV syllabus lists them.
Unit 1 Theory of Measurement 11 topics
- Introduction
- Characteristics of Instruments and measurement systems (Static \& Dynamic)
- Error analysis: Sources, types and statistical analysis
- Instrument Calibration: Comparison Method
- DC and AC Ammeter
- DC Voltmeter – Chopper type and solid‑state
- AC Voltmeter using Rectifier
- Average, RMS, Peak responding voltmeters
- Multimeter
- Power meter
- Bolometer and Calorimeter
Unit 2 Cathode Ray Oscilloscope (CRO) and Bridges 14 topics
- Different parts of CRO and block diagram
- Electrostatic focusing and electrostatic deflection
- Post‑deflection acceleration
- Screen for CRTs and graticules
- Vertical and horizontal deflection system
- Time‑base circuit
- Oscilloscope probes
- Applications of CRO
- Special purpose CROs – multi‑input, dual trace, dual beam, sampling, storage (analog and digital)
- Maxwell’s bridge (inductance and inductance‑capacitance)
- Hay’s bridge
- Schering bridge (high voltage and relative permittivity)
- Wien bridge
- Impedance measurement by Q‑meter
Unit 3 Transducers 6 topics
- Classification of transducers
- Strain gauge
- Displacement transducer – Linear Variable Differential Transformer (LVDT) and Rotary Variable Differential Transformer (RVDT)
- Temperature transducers – Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD), Thermistor, Thermocouple
- Piezo‑electric transducer
- Optical transducers – photo‑emissive, photo‑conductive, photovoltaic, photodiode, phototransistor
Unit 4 Signal and Function Generators 7 topics
- Signal and function generators
- Sweep frequency generator
- Pulse and square‑wave generator
- Beat frequency oscillator
- Digital display system and indicators
- Classification of displays
- Display devices – Light Emitting Diodes (LED) and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)
Unit 5 Digital Instruments and Conversions 5 topics
- Advantages of digital instrument over analog instrument
- Digital‑to‑analog conversion (DAC) – variable resistive type, R‑2R ladder, binary ladder, weighted converter using op‑amp and transistor, practical DAC
- Analog‑to‑digital conversion (ADC) – ramp technique, dual‑slope integrating type, integrating type (voltage‑to‑frequency), successive approximation
- Digital voltmeters and multimeters
- Resolution and sensitivity of digital multimeter
Exam insights
Counted from 7 past EC-302 papers.
Marks asked per paper, by unit
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Unit 1 Theory of Measurement 19 marks
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Unit 2 CRO & Bridges 36 marks
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Unit 3 Transducer 18 marks
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Unit 4 Signal Generators & Displays 11 marks
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Unit 5 Digital Instruments & Data Converters 28 marks
Average marks of the questions from each unit in one paper. You answer only some of them, so the total is more than the paper’s maximum.
Asked again and again
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Explain the construction and working principle of LVDT with diagram, including how magnitude and direction of core displacement are detected.
Asked 6 times: 2024, 2022, 2019, 2018
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Explain measurement of unknown capacitance using Schering bridge and derive the equations for capacitance and dissipation factor.
Asked 5 times: 2023, 2020, 2019, 2018
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Explain the working principle of R-2R ladder type DAC with circuit/block diagram
Asked 4 times: 2025, 2023, 2022, 2019