CE-703-C Integrated Waste Management - Dec 2024 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aDiscuss the constituents of municipal solid waste in Indian Scenario.
   How to answer

   • Definition and categories of municipal solid waste
   • Typical composition in Indian scenario - biodegradable, recyclable, inert, moisture content
   • Variation with income, season and urbanization
   • Per capita generation and characteristics
2. 7 Marks
   bExplain the adverse health and environmental impacts due to improper handling of solid waste.
   How to answer

   • Health impacts - infections, respiratory, vector-borne diseases
   • Environmental impacts - air, water, soil pollution, leachate, methane
   • Role of improper handling, open dumping and burning
   • Examples and need for safe handling
3. 7 Marks
   aEnlist different benefits of 3Rs of solid waste.
   How to answer

   • Meaning of 3Rs - Reduce, Reuse, Recycle
   • Environmental benefits - resource conservation, pollution reduction
   • Economic and social benefits
   • Examples in solid waste management
4. 7 Marks
   bDiscuss Human Health risks due to composting and possible preventive measures.
   How to answer

   • Biological, chemical and physical risks from composting - pathogens, bioaerosols, odour
   • Exposure routes for workers and nearby residents
   • Preventive measures - PPE, process control, site hygiene
   • Monitoring and health surveillance
5. 7 Marks
   aExplain in steps functional elements of integrated solid waste management.
   How to answer

   • Concept of integrated solid waste management
   • Functional elements - generation, storage, collection, transfer, processing, disposal
   • Step-wise flow with interlinkages
   • Importance of integration
6. 7 Marks
   bDiscuss processing and segregation of solid waste by various methods.
   How to answer

   • Need for processing and segregation
   • Methods - manual, mechanical, magnetic, screening, air classification
   • Segregation at source vs centralized
   • Recovery and efficiency aspects
7. 7 Marks
   aWhat are the factors effecting selection of site for transfer stations?
   How to answer

   • Role of transfer stations in waste system
   • Factors - location, transport distance, land, environment, cost
   • Social and planning considerations
   • Accessibility and capacity
8. 7 Marks
   bCompare open dumping and landfilling techniques.
   How to answer

   • Definition of open dumping vs engineered landfilling
   • Comparison on pollution, health, cost, operation
   • Tabular differences
   • Conclusion on suitability
9. 14 Marks
   Discuss about landfills.

   1. i)Adverse effects
   2. ii)Appropriate control measures
   3. iii)Design and operation
   How to answer

   • Definition and types of landfills
   • Adverse effects - leachate, gas, health
   • Control measures - liner, cover, gas collection
   • Design and operation principles
10. 7 Marks
    aWrite a note on waste management under Swachh Bharat Mission and Smart City program.
    How to answer

    • Objectives of Swachh Bharat Mission and Smart City program
    • Waste management components - segregation, collection, processing
    • Institutional and technological initiatives
    • Achievements and challenges
11. 7 Marks
    bHow will you reduce the volume of solid waste?
    How to answer

    • Concept of volume reduction
    • Methods - compaction, shredding, incineration, recycling
    • Source reduction and 3Rs role
    • Benefits in handling and disposal
12. 14 Marks
    Compare :

    1. i)Chemical and Biological characteristics of solid waste
    2. ii)Guidelines for different collection methods of solid waste
    How to answer

    • Chemical characteristics - pH, calorific value, nutrients, toxic content
    • Biological characteristics - biodegradability, pathogens, BOD
    • Tabular comparison of both
    • Collection methods guidelines comparison
13. 14 Marks
    Write short notes on:

    1. i)Leachate
    2. ii)Garbage & Rubbish
    3. iii)Incineration
    4. iv)Land farming
    How to answer

    • Definition of leachate, garbage, rubbish, incineration, land farming
    • Process / sources and characteristics of each
    • Environmental significance and control
    • Examples and applications