CE-803-D Integrated Water Management - May 2023 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aDifferentiate between surface runoff and subsurface runoff.
   How to answer

   • Define surface runoff and subsurface runoff
   • Compare origin, flow path and time lag
   • Compare factors and contribution to streamflow
   • Tabular differences with examples
2. 7 Marks
   bBriefly explain about the factors affecting runoff.
   How to answer

   • Define runoff and runoff cycle
   • List climatic factors: rainfall, intensity, duration
   • List physiographic factors: topography, soil, land use
   • Brief role of each factor
3. 7 Marks
   aWrite different components used in the rainwater harvesting.
   How to answer

   • Define rainwater harvesting system
   • List catchment, gutters, filters, storage/recharge units
   • Function of each component
   • Neat layout description
4. 7 Marks
   bExplain different advantages of rainwater harvesting.
   How to answer

   • Water conservation and groundwater recharge benefits
   • Reduction in runoff, flooding and soil erosion
   • Cost and energy saving, water quality aspects
   • Environmental and socio-economic advantages
5. 7 Marks
   aExplain different methods used for rainwater harvesting.
   How to answer

   • Rooftop harvesting method and steps
   • Surface runoff harvesting method
   • Storage vs recharge approaches
   • Suitability and examples
6. 7 Marks
   bDiscuss various techniques used in artificial ground water recharge.
   How to answer

   • Concept of artificial groundwater recharge
   • Techniques: spreading, pits, shafts, injection wells
   • Induced recharge and rooftop to aquifer
   • Selection criteria and limitations
7. 7 Marks
   aWhat are the various process of conservation of ground water?
   How to answer

   • Need for groundwater conservation
   • Processes: recharge, demand management, regulation
   • Pollution prevention and monitoring
   • Community participation measures
8. 7 Marks
   bWhat are the best practices used in the river basin management?
   How to answer

   • Concept of river basin management
   • Best practices: IWRM, watershed treatment, stakeholder participation
   • Water allocation, flood and pollution control
   • Examples of basin-level planning
9. 7 Marks
   aWrite the different strategies used in the development of sustainable water supply.
   How to answer

   • Concept of sustainable water supply
   • Strategies: source diversification, recycling, demand management
   • Rainwater harvesting and conjunctive use
   • Institutional and technological strategies
10. 7 Marks
    bWhat are the important water policy approaches used in the sustainable water resources management?
    How to answer

    • Role of water policy in sustainability
    • Approaches: IWRM, pricing, rights and equity
    • Decentralization and participatory management
    • Regulation and climate adaptation
11. 7 Marks
    aExplain different of measurements used in stream flow discharge.
    How to answer

    • Define streamflow discharge
    • Methods: velocity-area, weirs, flumes, tracers
    • Instruments: current meter, ADCP, staff gauge
    • Procedure and suitability of each
12. 7 Marks
    bWhat is Water balance? And explain how it is importance?
    How to answer

    • Define water balance equation
    • Components: precipitation, evapotranspiration, runoff, storage
    • Write water budget equation
    • Importance in planning and management
13. 7 Marks
    aWhat are the various types of factors affecting on the evapotranspiration?
    How to answer

    • Define evapotranspiration and its components
    • Climatic, crop and soil factors
    • Methods of estimation significance
    • Effect on water management
14. 7 Marks
    bWhat are the different types of water scarcity present in water management?
    How to answer

    • Define water scarcity
    • Types: physical, economic, quality-induced
    • Causes and indicators
    • Management implications
15. 14 Marks
    Write short notes on any two:

    1. i)Artificial recharge
    2. ii)Water conservation
    3. iii)Explain different treatment used in poor quality water
    4. iv)Write about the stream flow
    How to answer

    • Select any two topics from i-iv
    • Give definition and key principles for each
    • Explain methods/process with examples
    • Mention advantages and applications