CE-803-D Integrated Water Management - May 2022 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aWhat is meant by water security in developing nations?
   How to answer

   • Define water security (availability, access, safety, affordability).
   • Status in developing nations: scarcity, population growth, pollution.
   • Dimensions: domestic, food, ecosystem, economic uses.
   • Challenges and need for IWRM.
2. 7 Marks
   bWhat is Watershed? How do you explain Watershed topology in a river basin?
   How to answer

   • Define watershed / catchment area.
   • Explain watershed topology: divide, drainage network, order.
   • Relation to river basin hierarchy.
   • Role in water management.
3. 7 Marks
   aMake a detailed note on various techniques of water resources system analysis.
   How to answer

   • Define water resources system analysis.
   • Techniques: simulation, optimization, systems modelling.
   • Examples: LP, DP, stochastic analysis.
   • Applications in planning and management.
4. 7 Marks
   bWhat do you understand by sustainable planning and what are its main features?
   How to answer

   • Define sustainable planning in water context.
   • Principles: equity, efficiency, sustainability.
   • Main features: integration, participation, long-term view.
   • Link to IWRM and sustainable development.
5. 7 Marks
   aDiscuss the relevance of IWRM to the developing world.
   How to answer

   • Define IWRM relevance.
   • Water stress, poverty, agriculture dependence in developing world.
   • Need for coordinated management.
   • Benefits for equity and sustainability.
6. 7 Marks
   bExplain the importance of Socio-economic and political benefits of IWRM.
   How to answer

   • Socio-economic benefits: poverty reduction, health, food security.
   • Political benefits: cooperation, conflict resolution, governance.
   • Equity and stakeholder participation.
   • Examples from basins.
7. 7 Marks
   aWhat is mean by River-basin management?
   How to answer

   • Define river-basin as management unit.
   • Concept of integrated river-basin management.
   • Hydrological boundaries vs administrative.
   • Objectives and institutional aspects.
8. 7 Marks
   bElucidate how food security perceived as a complex sustainable development issue?
   How to answer

   • Define food security and its dimensions.
   • Linkages to water, land, population, climate.
   • Why complex sustainable development issue.
   • Role of IWRM in ensuring food security.
9. 7 Marks
   aExamine with example the man made and natural causes of changes in the river morphology with special reference to its land use changes.
   How to answer

   • Define river morphology and land use change.
   • Natural causes: floods, erosion, tectonics with example.
   • Man-made causes: dams, mining, deforestation, urbanization.
   • Impact on channel shape and sediment.
10. 7 Marks
    bExplain the Eco-system approaches followed in any two river basin to protect the rip rain rights of countries involved in trans-boundaries water issues.
    How to answer

    • Define ecosystem approach and riparian rights.
    • Trans-boundary water issues and conflicts.
    • Ecosystem approaches in two basins (e.g., Nile, Ganges, Indus).
    • Protection of downstream rights.
11. 7 Marks
    aWrite short note on equity and equality in water management.
    How to answer

    • Define equity vs equality in water.
    • Principles of fair allocation.
    • Gender, social justice aspects.
    • Application in IWRM.
12. 7 Marks
    bWhat is the Evaporation Pan? how it is employed to estimate amount of evaporation of water from a lake? Write the equation and explain various terms.
    How to answer

    • Define evaporation pan (Class A pan).
    • Installation and measurement procedure for lake evaporation.
    • Equation: lake evaporation = pan coefficient x pan evaporation.
    • Explain terms: pan coefficient, wind, temperature effects.
13. 7 Marks
    aExplain any of the issue we find around the globe in water that warrants a paradigm shift using IWRM.
    How to answer

    • Global water issues: scarcity, pollution, conflicts.
    • Need for paradigm shift from sectoral to integrated.
    • How IWRM addresses the issue.
    • Example of issue warranting IWRM.
14. 7 Marks
    bWhat are the reasons for the increasing pollution of water resources? name atleast four.
    How to answer

    • Sources of water pollution overview.
    • Four reasons: industrial, domestic sewage, agricultural runoff, solid waste.
    • Explain each briefly.
    • Impact on water resources.
15. 14 Marks
    Write short note on following:

    1. i)Concepts of blue water, green water and virtual water.
    2. ii)Salient of IWRM
    3. iii)Minimum water table and minimum discharge
    4. iv)Rainwater harvesting
    How to answer

    • Define blue, green, virtual water concepts.
    • Salient features/principles of IWRM.
    • Minimum water table and minimum discharge concepts.
    • Rainwater harvesting methods and benefits.