CE-304 Building Planning and Architecture - Jun 2023 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aDraw a neat sketch and explain frames of doors?
   How to answer

   • Neat labeled diagram of a typical door frame showing head, style/posts, horn, rebate, and sill/holdfasts
   • Definition and purpose of a door frame
   • Explanation of components: posts/jambs, head, sill, horn, and holdfasts
   • Materials commonly used (wood, steel, concrete)
2. 7 Marks
   bDraw and explain a neat sketch of truss and explain advantages of trusses?
   How to answer

   • Neat sketch of a standard roof truss (e.g., King post or Queen post/Pratt truss) with labeled members (tie beam, principal rafter, struts, king post, purlins)
   • Explanation of working mechanism (triangulation, members in tension and compression)
   • Advantages of trusses: large span capability, light weight, economical, ease of installation, aesthetic flexibility
3. 7 Marks
   aDraw a neat sketch of lintels and arches and explain advantages of lintels and arches?
   How to answer

   • Sketches of a lintel (beam action over opening) and an arch (voussoirs, keystone, springing line, span, rise)
   • Advantages of lintels: simple construction, no lateral thrust, easy centering/shuttering
   • Advantages of arches: can cover large spans without tensile stress, high aesthetic and architectural value, uses small masonry units
4. 7 Marks
   bWhat are setbacks in construction? What is the importance of a setback?
   How to answer

   • Definition of setback in building bye-laws (distance between building line and plot boundary)
   • Types of setbacks (front, rear, side)
   • Importance/benefits: light and ventilation, fire safety and access, privacy, road widening potential, noise buffer, parking and landscaping
5. 7 Marks
   aWrite the steps involved in preparing sketch plans and working drawings of various types of buildings?
   How to answer

   • Collection of client requirements and site analysis (data collection, orientation, bye-laws)
   • Preparation of line plan / conceptual sketch plans (bubble diagrams, zoning)
   • Development of detailed sketch plan (incorporating circulation, structural feasibility, proportions)
   • Preparation of working drawings (plans, elevations, cross-sections, structural drawings, plumbing and electrical layouts with dimensions and specifications)
6. 7 Marks
   bWhat is building design and drawing? Explain in detail about different types of building plans?
   How to answer

   • Definition of building design and building drawing
   • Different types of building plans: Site plan, Key plan, Floor plans (ground, first, typical), Foundation plan, Terrace/Roof plan
   • Role and content of each type of plan with respect to construction execution
7. 7 Marks
   aWhat are elevators and escalators? Explain in detail about uses of elevators and escalators?
   How to answer

   • Definition of elevators (lifts) and escalators (moving staircases)
   • Working principles and key components
   • Uses and applications of elevators (high-rise residential, commercial, hospitals for stretchers/freight)
   • Uses and applications of escalators (airports, metro stations, shopping malls, continuous passenger flow)
8. 7 Marks
   bWhat is security system in building? What is the importance of security system in a building?
   How to answer

   • Definition and components of building security systems (CCTV, access control, fire detection, intruder alarms)
   • Importance: life safety, asset protection, crime deterrence, emergency response coordination, regulatory compliance
9. 7 Marks
   aWhat is architecture explain in detail the principles of architectural design?
   How to answer

   • Definition of architecture (art and science of designing and constructing buildings)
   • Principles of architectural design: Functionality/utility, Form follows function, Aesthetics/beauty, Structural safety, Economy, Environmental responsiveness
10. 7 Marks
    bWhat is principle of architectural composition? Explain in detail the principles of architectural composition?
    How to answer

    • Definition of architectural composition (arranging structural elements to create a unified artistic whole)
    • Key principles explained: Unity, Balance (symmetrical vs. asymmetrical), Proportion and Scale, Rhythm, Contrast, Harmony, Focal point/Accentuation
11. 7 Marks
    aExplain the factors that influence architectural design?
    How to answer

    • Climatic and environmental factors (temperature, wind, solar path, rainfall)
    • Topographical and site conditions (contour, soil, orientation)
    • Socio-cultural and religious influences
    • Availability of materials and construction technology
    • Economic constraints and budget
    • Legal aspects (building bye-laws, master plan zoning)
12. 7 Marks
    bExplain the term town planning. Write the objectives of town planning?
    How to answer

    • Definition of town planning (scientific, aesthetic, and orderly arrangement of urban components)
    • Objectives: Health (proper light, ventilation, sanitation), Convenience (efficient transportation, shopping, schools), Beauty (parks, open spaces, preservation of natural features), Environment protection and orderly future development
13. 7 Marks
    aExplain the causes of slums. Also discuss different methods of slum clearance?
    How to answer

    • Causes of slums: rapid rural-to-urban migration, shortage of affordable housing, poverty and low income, lack of planning/zoning enforcement, inadequate basic infrastructure
    • Methods of slum clearance: Total demolition and redevelopment, Slum improvement/upgrading (providing sanitation, water, electricity), Rehabilitation and relocation (in-situ vs. ex-situ), Public-private partnerships in housing schemes
14. 7 Marks
    bWhat are municipal acts? Explain why the town planning legislation is necessary?
    How to answer

    • Definition of municipal acts (statutory laws governing local urban bodies, municipal powers, and duties)
    • Necessity of town planning legislation: to regulate land use and prevent haphazard growth, enforce building bye-laws and safety standards, acquire land for public infrastructure, prevent environmental degradation and land speculation
15. 14 Marks
    Write a short note on - a) Acoustics of buildings. b) Thermal insulation materials in buildings c) Intelligent buildings
    How to answer

    • Acoustics of buildings: sound absorption, reflection, reverberation time (Sabine's formula), acoustic defects and design requirements for halls/auditoria
    • Thermal insulation materials: purpose (reducing heat transfer), common materials (glass wool, rockwool, expanded polystyrene, cork, polyurethane foam), benefits in energy conservation
    • Intelligent buildings: integration of Building Automation Systems (BAS/BMS), HVAC and lighting automation, smart security, energy efficiency, IoT applications