ES-401 Energy & Environmental Engineering - Jun 2026 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 14 Marks
   Define Energy Conservation. Explain various methods adopted for improving energy efficiency in industries and buildings. Discuss the importance of energy auditing.
   How to answer

   • Define energy conservation and its need
   • Methods for industries: efficient motors, waste heat recovery, cogeneration, process optimization
   • Methods for buildings: insulation, efficient lighting/HVAC, ECBC, smart controls
   • Importance and steps of energy auditing
2. 14 Marks
   What are renewable energy resources? Compare solar, wind, biomass and geothermal energy with respect to efficiency, advantages, limitations and applications in India.
   How to answer

   • Define renewable energy resources
   • Compare solar, wind, biomass, geothermal on efficiency
   • Advantages, limitations of each
   • Applications in Indian context
3. 14 Marks
   Explain the concept of Ecological Pyramid. Discuss ecological succession and explain primary and secondary succession with suitable examples.
   How to answer

   • Define ecological pyramid and its types
   • Explain ecological succession concept
   • Differentiate primary vs secondary succession
   • Give suitable examples
4. 14 Marks
   What is Solid Waste Management? Explain various methods of municipal solid waste treatment including composting, vermin composting, sanitary landfill and waste to-energy technologies.
   How to answer

   • Define solid waste management
   • Explain composting and vermicomposting
   • Explain sanitary landfill design and operation
   • Explain waste-to-energy technologies
5. 14 Marks
   Discuss the causes and environmental impacts of Climate Change. Explain carbon footprint, carbon sequestration and strategies for achieving sustainable development.
   How to answer

   • List causes of climate change
   • Discuss environmental impacts
   • Explain carbon footprint and carbon sequestration
   • Strategies for sustainable development
6. 14 Marks
   Write short notes on any **three**:

   1. i)Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)
   2. ii)Rainwater Harvesting
   3. iii)Green Building Concept
   4. iv)Sustainable Agriculture
   5. v)Carbon Credits
   How to answer

   • Define EIA, steps and importance
   • Explain rainwater harvesting methods
   • Explain green building, sustainable agriculture, carbon credits as applicable
   • Conclude with benefits
7. 14 Marks
   Explain Industrial Wastewater Treatment. Discuss the principles and applications of primary, secondary and tertiary wastewater treatment processes.
   How to answer

   • Define industrial wastewater and characteristics
   • Explain primary treatment principle and application
   • Explain secondary biological treatment
   • Explain tertiary advanced treatment
8. 14 Marks
   Write short notes on any **three**:

   1. i)Acid Rain
   2. ii)Environmental Management System (ISO 14001)
   3. iii)Hydrogen Energy
   4. iv)Circular Economy
   5. v)Bioremediation
   How to answer

   • Define acid rain, causes and effects
   • Explain ISO 14001 EMS elements
   • Explain hydrogen energy, circular economy, bioremediation as applicable
   • Conclude with mitigation measures