EX-503-C Renewable Power Generation - May 2024 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aExplain the future of renewable energy sources in Indian scenario. Which two sources are most prominent in Indian conditions?
   How to answer

   • Status and potential of renewable energy in India
   • Growth trends, targets and policy support
   • Identification of two most prominent sources with reasons
   • Suitability to Indian climatic and geographic conditions
2. 7 Marks
   bDefine achievements and application of renewable energy system.
   How to answer

   • Definition of achievements of renewable energy system
   • Major achievements in capacity and deployment
   • Applications in power, heating, transport and rural areas
   • Examples relevant to India
3. 7 Marks
   aExplain the different terms used to locate a point on the earth's surface for the calculation of solar radiation.
   How to answer

   • Latitude, longitude and altitude for location
   • Declination, hour angle, zenith and azimuth angles
   • Altitude angle, solar azimuth and incidence angle
   • Use of terms in solar radiation geometry calculation
4. 7 Marks
   bWhat is the principle of solar photovoltaic power generation? What are the main elements of PV system?
   How to answer

   • Photovoltaic effect principle and p-n junction working
   • Main elements: PV array, inverter, battery, charge controller
   • Balance of system components and their function
   • Block diagram of PV system
5. 7 Marks
   aA wind turbine travels with the speed is 10 m/s and has a blade length of 20 m. Determine wind power.
   How to answer

   • Wind power formula $P = \frac{1}{2} \rho A V^3$
   • Swept area $A = \pi R^2$ with $R = 20\,m$
   • Substitute $V = 10\,m/s$ and standard air density
   • Compute power in kW/MW
6. 7 Marks
   bDiscuss advantages and disadvantages of wind energy conversion systems and explain the classification of wind turbines.
   How to answer

   • Advantages: clean, renewable, low operating cost
   • Disadvantages: intermittent, noise, land and grid issues
   • Classification by axis: horizontal and vertical axis
   • Classification by size, speed and power control
7. 7 Marks
   aCalculate the energy output of a wind turbine during 3 h of continuous operation, with a blade length of 10 m and efficiency of 40%, when the wind speed is 15 kph and the air pressure and temperature are 1013.25 hPa and $15^{\circ}C$.
   How to answer

   • Convert wind speed 15 kph to m/s and find air density from pressure and temperature
   • Calculate wind power $P = \frac{1}{2} \rho A V^3$
   • Apply 40% efficiency to get output power
   • Multiply by 3 h to get energy output in kWh
8. 7 Marks
   bWhat are the different control schemes used for generation and transmission of wind power.
   How to answer

   • Need for control in variable wind for generation and transmission
   • Pitch, stall, yaw and speed control schemes
   • Electrical control: voltage, frequency and power factor
   • Grid integration and transmission control
9. 7 Marks
   aExplain the operation of the following biogas plants:

   1. i)Deen Bandhu biogas plant
   2. ii)Pragati design biogas plant
   How to answer

   • Principle of anaerobic digestion for biogas
   • Construction and working of Deen Bandhu plant
   • Construction and working of Pragati design plant
   • Comparison of features and gas collection
10. 7 Marks
    bWhat is pyrolysis? Describe working of a small scale pyrolysis unit.
    How to answer

    • Definition of pyrolysis as thermal decomposition without oxygen
    • Feedstock and process conditions
    • Working of small scale pyrolysis unit with stages
    • Products: char, oil and gas and applications
11. 7 Marks
    aDescribe briefly Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC).
    How to answer

    • Principle of temperature difference between surface and deep ocean
    • Open, closed and hybrid OTEC cycles
    • Main components and working
    • Potential and limitations
12. 7 Marks
    bExplain the working of Binary fluid power plant. Why is it not possible to flash geotherma fluid sometimes?
    How to answer

    • Working of binary fluid power plant with secondary fluid
    • Heat exchanger and turbine operation
    • Conditions when geothermal fluid cannot be flashed
    • Advantages for low-temperature resources
13. 7 Marks
    aExplain the mode of electricity generation operation in tidal power.
    How to answer

    • Tidal range and tidal current for power generation
    • Single basin and double basin operation modes
    • Ebb, flood and two-way generation cycle
    • Components: barrage, sluice and turbine
14. 7 Marks
    bDescribe the working of different types of Hybrid Geothermal fossil systems.
    How to answer

    • Concept of hybrid geothermal-fossil system
    • Different types and configurations
    • Working with fossil superheating
    • Advantages and efficiency improvement
15. 14 Marks
    Write a short notes on (any two):

    1. i)Hybrid system
    2. ii)Wind turbine generators
    3. iii)Solar cells
    4. iv)Hydrogen and storage
    How to answer

    • Definition and components of selected topics
    • Working principle with neat sketch
    • Advantages, limitations and applications
    • Relevance to renewable power generation