EX-503-A Electrical Power Generation and Economy - Nov 2022 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aDraw the neat line diagram of a Nuclear Hydro Electric plant showing basic components.
   How to answer

   • State need for line diagram of nuclear (hydro) electric plant
   • Show reactor, heat exchanger, turbine, generator, condenser blocks in sequence
   • Label basic components and energy flow
2. 7 Marks
   bDiscuss the advantages of Hydro Electric power plant compared with thermal power plant.
   How to answer

   • Define hydro-electric vs thermal plant
   • Compare fuel, running cost, efficiency, pollution
   • List advantages: no fuel, clean, long life, low operating cost
3. 7 Marks
   aMention the different sources of Electrical power generation and discuss their relative merits and demerits.
   How to answer

   • List sources: thermal, hydro, nuclear, diesel, solar, wind, geothermal
   • Discuss availability and capability of each
   • Summarize relative merits and demerits
4. 7 Marks
   bDiscuss the various factors which affect the location of site of a hydro power station.
   How to answer

   • List site factors: water availability, head, storage, geology, load centre
   • Explain access, cost, environmental aspects
   • Conclude ideal site requirements
5. 7 Marks
   aDiscuss briefly the function of the following equipment in a steam station.

   1. i)Condenser
   2. ii)Cooling towers
   3. iii)Feed water heater
   4. iv)Economiser
   How to answer

   • Define role of condenser in steam cycle
   • Define role of cooling towers, feed water heater
   • Define role of economiser in efficiency improvement
6. 7 Marks
   bDraw a typical layout of a steam plant. Explain the main features of the layout.
   How to answer

   • Draw typical steam plant layout with boiler to switchyard
   • Label coal, boiler, turbine, condenser, cooling circuit
   • Explain main features: fuel handling, steam cycle, efficiency
7. 14 Marks
   Differentiate between the nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. What is the function of moderator in a nuclear reactor.
   How to answer

   • Define nuclear fission vs fusion process
   • Differentiate on fuel, reaction, energy, control
   • State function of moderator in slowing neutrons
8. 14 Marks
   The maximum demand of a power plant is 40 MW. The capacity factor is 0.5 and the utilisation factor is 0.8. Find:

   1. i)Load factor
   2. ii)Plant capacity
   3. iii)Reserve capacity
   4. iv)Annual energy production
   How to answer

   • Use capacity factor = average demand / plant capacity
   • Use utilisation factor = max demand / plant capacity to get plant capacity
   • Calculate load factor, reserve capacity and annual energy = average load x 8760
9. 7 Marks
   aDescribe the fuel system and exhaust system of a diesel power station.
   How to answer

   • Describe diesel fuel storage, filtering and injection system
   • Describe exhaust gas path and silencer
   • Explain heat recovery and pollution control
10. 7 Marks
    bHow can wind energy can be converted into Electrical energy?
    How to answer

    • State wind turbine rotor to generator principle
    • Explain wind to mechanical to electrical conversion chain
    • Mention control and grid interfacing
11. 7 Marks
    aExplain the potential for Geothermal energy in India.
    How to answer

    • Define geothermal energy sources
    • List geothermal provinces in India
    • Discuss potential capacity and challenges in India
12. 7 Marks
    bDiscuss briefly the radioactive pollution of environment by nuclear power plant.
    How to answer

    • Define radioactive waste and emissions from nuclear plant
    • Explain pathways of environmental pollution
    • Mention safety and disposal measures
13. 14 Marks
    Write short notes (Any two):

    1. i)Peak load pricing
    2. ii)Waste disposal in nuclear power plant
    3. iii)Load curve
    4. iv)Small scale hydro-electric plant
    How to answer

    • Select any two topics from list
    • Define concept with key terms and diagram/formula
    • State applications, merits and limitations