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EC-606 · MICROCONTROLLER & EMBEDDED SYSTEM LAB/Important Questions

MICROCONTROLLER & EMBEDDED SYSTEM LAB (EC-606) - Important Questions

  1. Unit 114 Marks High Priority

    Describe the architecture of the Intel 8051 microcontroller with a neat block diagram. Explain the function and significance of the following registers: $ACC$, $B$, $PSW$, $DPTR$ and $SP$.

    Fundamental question that tests understanding of the core architecture and register set of the Intel 8051; repeatedly asked in examinations as a primary topic of Unit 1.

  2. Unit 110 Marks High Priority

    Explain the internal memory organization of the 8051 microcontroller. Distinguish between internal data memory, internal code memory, and Special Function Registers (SFRs). Explain bit-addressable and byte-addressable regions of on-chip RAM.

    Covers internal memory layout and SFRs which is central to programming and resource management in Unit 1.

  3. Unit 17 Marks High Priority

    List and explain all addressing modes available in the 8051 microcontroller. For each addressing mode provide one example instruction and explain how the effective operand address is computed.

    Core topic assessing addressing mode knowledge necessary for writing efficient assembly programs in Unit 1.

  4. Unit 17 Marks Medium Priority

    Write an 8051 assembly program to add two 8-bit numbers stored at internal RAM locations $30H$ and $31H$ and store the 8-bit result at location $32H$. Assume no overflow handling is required.

    Typical short programming question to assess basic assembly programming skills using register and memory operations from Unit 1.

  5. Unit 110 Marks High Priority

    Classify the 8051 instruction set into data transfer, arithmetic, logical, boolean, and control transfer groups. Give two example instructions for each group and briefly describe their operation.

    Syllabus-level question to evaluate classification and examples of instructions; common in Unit 1 exams.

  6. Unit 17 Marks Medium Priority

    Explain the register banks and stack structure of the 8051. How does the stack pointer $SP$ operate during a subroutine call and return? Discuss how bank switching can be used to speed up context switching.

    Tests knowledge of register banks and stack operation relevant for context switching and ISR handling in Unit 1.

  7. Unit 110 Marks Medium Priority

    Describe the structure and operation of Ports 0 to 3 in the 8051 microcontroller. Explain how to interface an LED and a push-button switch to Port 1 with an example assembly snippet to read the switch and set/clear the LED.

    Focuses on I/O ports and interfacing basics which are standard Lab/Unit 1 questions.

  8. Unit 17 Marks Medium Priority

    What are bit-addressable SFRs in the 8051? Name five commonly used bit-addressable SFRs and demonstrate, with example instructions, how to set and clear a single bit in an SFR.

    SFR and bit-manipulation operations are core to embedded control tasks; commonly examined in Unit 1.

  9. Unit 110 Marks Medium Priority

    Explain the serial communication facility of the 8051. Describe the function of the $SCON$ register and how the baud rate is generated using Timer 1. Give a brief sequence of steps to configure the 8051 for 8-bit UART transmission.

    Covers serial interface configuration basics that may appear in Unit 1 as theory or lab-prep questions.

  10. Unit 17 Marks High Priority

    Compare a microcontroller and a microprocessor. List at least five differences in terms of architecture, peripherals, memory, and typical applications.

    Basic conceptual comparison often used as an introductory Unit 1 question to test understanding of embedded system fundamentals.

  11. Unit 110 Marks Medium Priority

    Describe the Timer/Counter structure of the 8051. Explain the function of the $TMOD$ and $TCON$ registers. Write a short assembly routine using Timer 0 in mode 1 to generate an approximate delay of 1 ms (assume crystal frequency and show the calculation).

    Timers are fundamental hardware resources; basic timer-mode understanding and delay programming are standard Unit 1 lab questions.

  12. Unit 17 Marks Low Priority

    Explain the clock and reset requirements of the 8051 microcontroller. What is the role of the on-chip oscillator and the power-on reset circuit? Discuss the effects of improper clock or reset on system operation.

    Power, clocking and reset behavior are essential for reliable system startup and are occasionally asked in Unit 1 theory.

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