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EC-602 RGPV B.Tech

Antennas and wave Propagation (AWP)

Previous year papers and the official syllabus are free to read, no account needed.

Previous Year Papers

5 papers, latest Jun 2025

Free
See all 5 papers

Syllabus, notes and important questions for EC-602

Syllabus units

Topics as the official RGPV syllabus lists them.

Unit 1 Radiation 12 topics
  • Potential function and the Electromagnetic field
  • Potential functions for Sinusoidal Oscillations
  • Retarded potential
  • The Alternating current element (or oscillating Electric Dipole)
  • Power radiated by a current element
  • Application to short antennas
  • Assumed current distribution
  • Radiation from a Quarter wave monopole or Half wave dipole
  • Sine and cosine integral
  • Electromagnetic field close to an antenna
  • Solution of the potential equations
  • Far‑field Approximation
Unit 1 notes
Unit 2 Antenna Fundamentals 12 topics
  • Introduction
  • Network theorems
  • Directional properties of dipole antennas
  • Travelling‑wave antennas and effect of feed on standing‑wave antennas
  • Two‑element array
  • Horizontal patterns in broadcast arrays
  • Linear arrays
  • Multiplication of patterns
  • Effect of earth on vertical patterns
  • Binomial array
  • Antenna gain
  • Effective area
Unit 2 notes
Unit 3 Types of antennas 12 topics
  • Log periodic antenna
  • Loop antenna
  • Helical antenna
  • Biconical antenna
  • Folded dipole antenna
  • Yagi‑Uda antenna
  • Lens antenna
  • Turnstile antenna
  • Long wire antenna: resonant and travelling wave antennas for different wavelengths
  • V‑antenna
  • Rhombic antenna
  • Beverage antenna
Unit 3 notes
Unit 4 Aperture and slot 9 topics
  • Radiation from rectangular apertures
  • Uniform and tapered aperture
  • Horn antenna
  • Reflector antenna
  • Aperture blockage
  • Feeding structures
  • Slot antennas
  • Microstrip antennas – Radiation mechanism – Application
  • Numerical tool for antenna analysis
Unit 4 notes
Unit 5 Propagation of radio waves 32 topics
  • Fundamentals of electromagnetic waves
  • Effects of the environment
  • Modes of propagation
  • Ground wave propagation – Introduction
  • Plane earth reflection
  • Space wave and surface wave
  • Transition between surface and space wave
  • Tilt of wave front due to ground losses
  • Space wave propagation – Introduction
  • Field strength relation
  • Effects of imperfect earth
  • Curvature of earth and interference zone
  • Shadowing effect of hills and buildings
  • Absorption by atmospheric phenomena
  • Variation of field strength with height
  • Super refraction
  • Scattering
  • Tropospheric propagation
  • Fading
  • Path loss calculations
  • Sky wave propagation – Introduction
  • Structural details of the ionosphere
  • Wave propagation mechanism
  • Refraction and reflection of sky waves by ionosphere
  • Ray path
  • Critical frequency
  • Maximum usable frequency (MUF)
  • Lowest usable frequency (LUF)
  • Operating frequency (OF)
  • Virtual height
  • Skip distance
  • Relation between MUF and skip distance
Unit 5 notes
Read the full syllabus

Exam insights

Counted from 5 past EC-602 papers.

Marks asked per paper, by unit

  • Unit 1 Radiation 21 marks
  • Unit 2 Antenna Fundamentals 32 marks
  • Unit 3 Types of antennas 20 marks
  • Unit 4 Aperture and slot 15 marks
  • Unit 5 Propagation of radio waves 24 marks

Average marks of the questions from each unit in one paper. You answer only some of them, so the total is more than the paper’s maximum.

Asked again and again

  1. Explain the construction, operation, characteristics and radiation pattern of a Yagi-Uda antenna, including the roles of reflector and directors and its use for TV reception.

    Asked 3 times: 2025, 2024

  2. What is retarded potential, how does it account for finite propagation speed, how does it differ from static potential, and why is it important for radiation / antenna theory?

    Asked 3 times: 2025, 2024, 2023

  3. Explain the construction and working principle of a log-periodic antenna and how its structure enables wideband operation

    Asked 2 times: 2025, 2024

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