Computer Workshop (Python Programming) (CY-306) - Important Questions

Write a Python function to compute the factorial of a non-negative integer n. Implement both an iterative version and a recursive version. Show sample calls and outputs for n = 0, n = 5, and n = 7. Explain the difference in terms of call stack and time complexity.

Explain different types of function arguments in Python with examples: positional arguments, keyword arguments, default arguments, and variable-length arguments using *args and **kwargs. Demonstrate a function that uses at least three of these argument types and show sample calls.

What is a lambda (anonymous) function in Python? Write examples using lambda with map(), filter(), and reduce() to (a) square a list of numbers, (b) filter even numbers from a list, and (c) compute the product of a list of numbers. Show input and output for each.

Explain scope and lifetime of variables in Python with examples. Distinguish between local, global, and nonlocal variables. Provide code that demonstrates modifying a global variable inside a function and using the nonlocal keyword inside a nested function.

Write a Python function to reverse a string. Show two implementations: one using slicing and one using an explicit loop. Demonstrate the function with the sample input "RGPV Python" and show the outputs.

Explain common escape sequences in Python strings (for example, \n, \t, \ and '). What is a raw string literal and when should it be used? Provide examples showing the difference between a normal string and a raw string when the string contains backslashes.

Discuss Python string slicing and important string methods. Write examples demonstrating: indexing, slicing with positive and negative indices, step values, immutability of strings, and methods split(), join(), replace(), upper(), and format(). For the string "Data,Science,Python", show results of split(',') and then join() to rebuild a single string with spaces.

Given the following Python code, determine and explain the output:

s = "Line1\nLine2\tEnd"

def modify(text, prefix='->'): parts = text.split('\n') return prefix + ' ' + parts[1]

print(s) print(modify(s))

Explain each printed line and how escape sequences and the function call affect the result.