Fundamentals of Cryptography (CY-302) - Important Questions

Compare symmetric-key (secret key) cryptography and asymmetric-key (public key) cryptography.

Define perfect secrecy and discuss its characterizations and limitations.

Define cryptography and explain symmetric-key encryption technique with diagram.

What is perfect secrecy in a cryptosystem? Explain, with reference to one-time pad encryption.

Explain what is meant by encryption and discuss the One-Time Pad encryption technique and its purpose.

Discuss historical ciphers and the concept of computational security.

Explain brute force attack and cryptanalysis in cryptography with example.

Discuss the applications of Pseudorandom Generators (PRGs) in cryptography.

Explain transposition cipher and polyalphabetic cipher.

Explain the following: i) Authenticate ii) Confidentiality iii) Authorization

Explain block ciphers and discuss the modes of operation of block ciphers with examples.

Explain the encryption process in the AES algorithm

Explain CPA-secure ciphers constructed from PRFs.

Explain the DES and AES algorithms and highlight their features.

Discuss Message Authentication Codes and cryptographic hash functions.

Why is message authentication needed, what are the techniques for message authentication, and explain one technique?

Write short notes on DES encryption, Playfair Cipher, and Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange algorithm.

Explain how the DES algorithm works with a suitable example.

Describe the ECB mode of operation of block ciphers with a diagram.

Write the differences between AES and DES algorithms

Write about One-way vs Two-way hash functions?

What is a Message Authentication Code (MAC) and what are the properties of a secure MAC?

Explain the Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange algorithm with a suitable example and cyclic groups.

Discuss birthday attacks and applications of cryptographic hash functions.

Explain the random oracle model and authenticated encryption.

Discuss generic constructions of authenticated encryption schemes.

Discuss following terms in detail. i) Birthday attack ii) Key exchange problem iii) One way trapdoor

What are the applications of Hash function in cryptography?

What is the Random Oracle Model in cryptography? Explain.

Explain Davies-Meyer construction of hash function.

Explain one-way trapdoor functions with an example.

Explain the steps of a man-in-the-middle attack.

Explain what is meant by trapdoor attacks.

Explain the discrete logarithm problem and its importance / uses in cryptography

Discuss the discrete logarithm problem and elliptic curve cryptography

Write short notes on Brute Force Attack, Elliptic Curve Cryptography, and Cryptanalysis.

Explain the RSA algorithm and perform encryption and decryption with given parameters.

Give an overview of Diffie-Hellman problem? Discuss about the main problem that Diffie-Hellman key exchange faces?

Describe how encryption and decryption are performed in Elliptic Curve Cryptography.

Explain CCA-secure public-key hybrid encryption schemes.

Discuss digital signatures, TLS/SSL and interactive protocols.

What is a digital signature and explain the Digital Signature Standard.

Explain any two of the following: a) Transport Layer Security b) Interactive protocols in Cryptography c) Hybrid Cryptosystem d) Hill Cipher

What is a SSL protocol? How many protocols are there in SSL discuss in detail.

Describe Euler's theorem for identifying prime numbers with an example.

Explain how authentication can be achieved using digital signatures.

Explain the disadvantages / limitations of the RSA algorithm.

Perform RSA encryption and decryption for given $p$, $q$, $e$ and message $M$.

Discuss the role of number theory in cryptography.

Write about different types of security attacks on computer network. Give a classification of attacks.