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AL-803 (B) · Bio Informatics/Important Questions

Bio Informatics (AL-803 (B)) - Important Questions

  1. Unit 57 Marks High Priority

    Define the term "proteome" and explain how the proteome differs from the genome. Discuss the main challenges encountered in proteome analysis.

    Core definition and challenges — fundamental Unit 5 topic; aligns with frequent 'Proteome analysis' theme.

  2. Unit 57 Marks Medium Priority

    Describe two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2D-PAGE) for proteome separation. Explain the workflow, and discuss advantages and limitations of 2D-PAGE in proteomic analysis.

    Standard experimental separation technique used as a basis for many proteomic studies; important practical question.

  3. Unit 510 Marks High Priority

    Explain the principle and workflow of mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Describe the roles of ionization, mass analyzers and detectors in a typical proteomics experiment.

    Central analytical approach in proteomics; core technical question about instrumentation and workflow.

  4. Unit 57 Marks Medium Priority

    Compare MALDI-TOF and ESI mass spectrometry. For each technique, outline its operating principle and discuss advantages and limitations with respect to protein and peptide analysis.

    Comparative instrumentation question frequently used to test method selection and suitability.

  5. Unit 510 Marks Medium Priority

    Describe peptide mass fingerprinting and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) approaches used for protein identification. Explain how database search engines (for example, MASCOT) use experimental spectra to assign protein identifications.

    Protein identification methods and database-search strategies are standard exam topics in proteomics.

  6. Unit 514 Marks Medium Priority

    Discuss major quantitative proteomics techniques, including SILAC, iTRAQ/TMT and label-free quantitation. Explain the principle of each method and compare their relative strengths and weaknesses.

    Quantitative proteomics methods are essential modern topics; suitable for higher-mark questions.

  7. Unit 57 Marks Medium Priority

    What are post-translational modifications (PTMs)? Describe experimental and computational strategies for detecting and analyzing PTMs in proteomic datasets.

    Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are a key biological focus within proteomics and bioinformatics.

  8. Unit 57 Marks Low Priority

    Define proteogenomics. Explain how integrating proteomic data with genomic and transcriptomic information can improve gene annotation and validate novel coding sequences or variants.

    Interdisciplinary topic combining proteomics with genomics — emerging but increasingly important.

  9. Unit 57 Marks Low Priority

    Outline approaches for protein-protein interaction network analysis in proteomics. List major public resources (for example, STRING, BioGRID) and explain how network analysis aids functional interpretation of proteomic results.

    Functional interpretation via interaction networks is a common applied bioinformatics question.

  10. Unit 57 Marks Low Priority

    Describe major proteomics databases and repositories such as UniProt, PRIDE and PeptideAtlas. Explain how researchers retrieve data from these resources and the key steps for submitting proteomic datasets.

    Data management and public deposition are standard practical topics for students working with proteomic data.

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