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AL-803 (B) · Bio Informatics/Important Questions

Bio Informatics (AL-803 (B)) - Important Questions

  1. Unit 17 Marks High Priority

    Define Bioinformatics and discuss its scope, objectives, and interdisciplinary nature.

    Core introductory definition and scope — high-priority foundational question for Unit 1 (appears frequently in introductory sections).

  2. Unit 17 Marks Medium Priority

    Describe the history and major milestones in the development of bioinformatics.

    Historical context and major milestones — often asked to evaluate background understanding.

  3. Unit 110 Marks Medium Priority

    Explain the basic molecular biology concepts relevant to bioinformatics, including the structure and function of DNA, RNA and proteins, and the central dogma.

    Fundamental molecular biology concepts that underpin bioinformatics analyses; core conceptual question for Unit 1.

  4. Unit 17 Marks Medium Priority

    Describe commonly used biological data types and file formats in bioinformatics. Give examples and typical uses of FASTA, GenBank, and PDB formats.

    Practical knowledge of standard file formats — frequently required for hands-on tasks and data exchange.

  5. Unit 114 Marks Medium Priority

    Describe the main types of bioinformatics databases (primary, secondary, and composite). Give examples such as GenBank, EMBL, DDBJ, and UniProt and explain how they differ.

    Core question on databases organization and examples — tests awareness of data sources and their classification.

  6. Unit 114 Marks Medium Priority

    Explain the principle of sequence similarity search with a focus on the BLAST family of programs. Describe different BLAST variants and how to interpret E-values.

    Standard algorithmic tool question — overview of BLAST and interpretation of results is central for sequence searches.

  7. Unit 110 Marks Medium Priority

    Compare pairwise sequence alignment approaches: global alignment (Needleman–Wunsch) versus local alignment (Smith–Waterman). Discuss scoring matrices and gap penalties.

    Comparative alignment methods — typical theoretical question contrasting global and local alignment algorithms.

  8. Unit 17 Marks Medium Priority

    Outline the typical steps in a bioinformatics workflow for sequence analysis, from raw sequence data to annotation and functional interpretation.

    Process-oriented question covering a typical analysis pipeline from data to annotation — useful for exam and practical understanding.

  9. Unit 17 Marks Medium Priority

    Explain the purpose and basic principles of multiple sequence alignment. Name commonly used MSA tools (e.g., ClustalW, MUSCLE) and mention typical applications.

    Multiple sequence alignment fundamentals and common tools — frequently required for evolutionary and functional inference.

  10. Unit 17 Marks Low Priority

    Describe the computational tools and resources used in bioinformatics, including standalone software, web servers, and high-performance or cloud computing considerations.

    Computational resources and infrastructure — practical awareness question for deploying bioinformatics analyses.

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