AL-302 RGPV B.Tech
Introduction to Probability and Statistics (IPS)
Previous year papers and the official syllabus are free to read, no account needed.
Previous Year Papers
7 papers, latest Dec 2025
- AL-302 paper, Dec 2025
- AL-302 paper, Jun 2025
- AL-302 paper, Dec 2024
- AL-302 paper, Jun 2024
- AL-302 paper, Dec 2023
- AL-302 paper, Jun 2023
Syllabus, notes and important questions for AL-302
Syllabus units
Topics as the official RGPV syllabus lists them.
Unit 1 Basic Probability 4 topics
- Probability spaces, conditional probability, independence
- Discrete random variables
- Independent random variables, the multinomial distribution, Poisson approximation to the binomial distribution, infinite sequences of Bernoulli trials, sums of independent random variables
- Expectation of discrete random variables, moments, variance of a sum, correlation coefficient, Chebyshev's inequality
Unit 2 Continuous Probability Distributions 3 topics
- Continuous random variables and their properties
- Distribution functions and densities
- Normal, exponential and gamma densities
Unit 3 Bivariate Distributions 4 topics
- Bivariate distributions and their properties
- Distribution of sums and quotients
- Conditional densities
- Bayes' rule
Unit 4 Basic Statistics 3 topics
- Measures of central tendency: moments, skewness and kurtosis
- Probability distributions: binomial, Poisson and normal – evaluation of statistical parameters for these three distributions
- Correlation and regression – rank correlation
Unit 5 Applied Statistics 2 topics
- Curve fitting by the method of least squares – fitting of straight lines, second‑degree parabolas and more general curves
- Test of significance: large‑sample test for single proportion, difference of proportions, single mean, difference of means, and difference of standard deviations
Unit 6 Small samples 2 topics
- Test for single mean, difference of means and correlation coefficients, test for ratio of variances
- Chi‑square test for goodness of fit and independence of attributes
Exam insights
Counted from 7 past AL-302 papers.
Marks asked per paper, by unit
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Unit 1 Basic Probability 23 marks
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Unit 2 Continuous Probability Distributions 20 marks
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Unit 3 Bivariate Distributions 9 marks
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Unit 4 Basic Statistics 38 marks
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Unit 5 Applied Statistics 14 marks
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Unit 6 Small samples 8 marks
Average marks of the questions from each unit in one paper. You answer only some of them, so the total is more than the paper’s maximum.
Asked again and again
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Fit a second-degree parabola $y = a + bx + cx^2$ to the given data by the method of least squares.
Asked 4 times: 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022
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Find / calculate Karl Pearson's coefficient of correlation from given bivariate data.
Asked 4 times: 2025, 2024, 2023, 2022
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For $f(x)=e^{-x},\ x\ge 0$, find $E(X)$, $E(X^2)$ and variance of $X$.
Asked 3 times: 2025, 2022