ME-604-C Renewable Energy Technology - Jun 2025 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 14 Marks
   Explain the Principle of Photovoltaic Conversion of Solar Energy with Suitable Diagram.
   How to answer

   • Define photovoltaic effect in p-n junction solar cell
   • Explain photon absorption, electron-hole pair generation and separation
   • Describe current flow through external load
   • Sketch cell structure / I-V characteristics diagram
2. 7 Marks
   aExplain the Application of Solar Cells in PV Generation System.
   How to answer

   • State role of solar cells in PV generation system
   • List applications: lighting, pumping, grid-connected, standalone
   • Explain module/array formation and BOS components
   • Give example system configuration
3. 7 Marks
   bDescribe the Energy Estimation of Wind Regimes.
   How to answer

   • Define wind regime and wind speed distribution
   • Explain Weibull/Rayleigh distribution and power duration curve
   • Describe method for annual energy estimation
   • Mention capacity factor and site assessment
4. 7 Marks
   aDerive the expression for Power developed due to wind.
   How to answer

   • State kinetic energy of wind mass flow through rotor area
   • Derive mass flow rate $\dot{m}=\rho A V$
   • Derive power $P=\frac{1}{2}\rho A V^3$ and Betz limit concept
   • Mention power coefficient $C_p$
5. 7 Marks
   bExplain the Solar Water Heater with Suitable Example.
   How to answer

   • Define solar water heater and its types
   • Explain collector, storage tank and circulation working
   • Describe thermosyphon / forced circulation with example
   • Give domestic/industrial use example
6. 7 Marks
   aDescribe the Various Types of Production of Biomass Energy.
   How to answer

   • Define biomass energy sources
   • Describe production routes: combustion, gasification, pyrolysis, digestion
   • Explain agricultural, forest and waste biomass
   • Mention biofuels ethanol/biogas production
7. 7 Marks
   bDescribe the various types of Digesters in Biomass.
   How to answer

   • Define biogas digester and anaerobic digestion
   • Describe fixed dome, floating drum, bag type digesters
   • Compare construction and working features
   • Mention feedstock and gas handling
8. 7 Marks
   aWhat do you Understand by Speed and Voltage Regulation in Hydropower Plant?
   How to answer

   • Define speed regulation via governor in hydropower plant
   • Define voltage regulation via excitation control
   • Explain need for frequency and voltage stability
   • Describe control mechanisms
9. 7 Marks
   bDefine the Various Types of Turbines and Explain Any One with Suitable Diagram.
   How to answer

   • List turbine types: Pelton, Francis, Kaplan, propeller
   • Define classification by head and flow
   • Explain any one turbine construction and working
   • Provide neat labelled diagram
10. 7 Marks
    aDescribe the Generation Process of Electricity through Geothermal Energy Resources.
    How to answer

    • List geothermal resources: dry steam, wet steam, hot water
    • Describe drilling, steam separation and turbine cycle
    • Explain condenser, cooling and reinjection steps
    • Mention single/flash/binary plant types
11. 7 Marks
    bWhat is the Principle of Thermodynamics in Geothermal Energy?
    How to answer

    • State first and second law relevance to geothermal cycle
    • Explain heat transfer and steam expansion work
    • Describe Rankine/binary cycle thermodynamics
    • Mention efficiency limits
12. 7 Marks
    aExplain the Photosynthesis C3 & C4 Plant Production.
    How to answer

    • Define photosynthesis and C3 vs C4 pathways
    • Explain Calvin cycle vs Hatch-Slack cycle
    • Compare efficiency and plant examples
    • Relate to biomass productivity
13. 7 Marks
    bDescribe the Various Types of Tariffs in Electricity.
    How to answer

    • Define electricity tariff and its need
    • Describe types: flat, block, two-part, TOD, demand tariff
    • Explain components: energy, demand, fuel charges
    • Give examples of domestic/industrial tariffs
14. 14 Marks
    Write the short notes on the following.

    1. i)Solar Collector
    2. ii)Different types of Power Generation from Gasification
    3. iii)Tidal Energy Conversion
    How to answer

    • Define solar collector types and working
    • Describe gasification power generation routes
    • Explain tidal energy conversion methods
    • Give diagrams/applications for each