CS-504-A Internet and Web Technology - Jun 2025 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aDiscuss the principles of effective web design. Give some examples of best practices and techniques for designing modern, user-friendly websites.
   How to answer

   • Define effective web design principles: simplicity, consistency, navigation, readability, responsiveness, accessibility, load speed
   • Explain visual hierarchy, color, typography, white space, mobile-first
   • Give best practices examples: responsive layout, SEO-friendly, clear CTA, optimized images
2. 7 Marks
   bHow does User-Centric Design (UCD) differ from traditional design approaches, and why is it considered essential for creating successful digital products?
   How to answer

   • Define User-Centric Design (UCD) and traditional designer-centric approach
   • Compare on focus, user involvement, iteration, testing
   • Explain why UCD essential: usability, satisfaction, reduced rework, product success
3. 7 Marks
   aExplain the basic structure of an HTML document.
   How to answer

   • Define HTML document with doctype declaration
   • Explain head section: title, meta, link, script
   • Explain body section: headings, paragraphs, structure tags with example code
4. 7 Marks
   bHow does a web browser's architecture facilitate the rendering of HTML content? Describe the key components of a browser's rendering engine and explain how they collaborate to display web pages.
   How to answer

   • Outline browser architecture: UI, browsing engine, rendering engine, JS engine, networking, storage
   • Describe rendering engine steps: parsing HTML/CSS, DOM/CSSOM, render tree, layout, paint
   • Explain collaboration to display web pages
5. 7 Marks
   aDiscuss the key concepts of CSS. How they are used to style and format content.
   How to answer

   • Define CSS, selectors, properties, box model, cascade and specificity
   • Explain inline, internal, external CSS and inheritance
   • Explain how CSS styles and formats content with example
6. 7 Marks
   bHow can you use JavaScript to dynamically manipulate CSS styles on HTML elements? Provide examples of how you can change the color, size or position of an element using JavaScript.
   How to answer

   • Explain DOM style object and style property access via JavaScript
   • Give example changing color via element.style.color
   • Give examples changing size/position via width, height, position
7. 7 Marks
   aWhat is XML (eXtensible Markup Language), and how does it differ from HTML? Describe the basic structure of an XML document.
   How to answer

   • Define XML as eXtensible Markup Language for data description
   • Compare XML vs HTML on purpose, tags, extensibility, strictness
   • Describe XML structure: prolog, root element, nested elements, attributes
8. 7 Marks
   bExplain the concept of Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) in PHP. Discuss the key principles of OOP, such as encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism and how they are implemented in PHP.
   How to answer

   • Define OOP concepts: class, object, encapsulation, inheritance, polymorphism
   • Explain PHP syntax for classes, visibility, extends, interfaces
   • Give PHP code examples for each principle
9. 7 Marks
   aHow do you establish a connection to a MySQL database using PHP? Provide examples of the code needed to connect to a MySQL database server.
   How to answer

   • Explain mysqli/PDO connection parameters: host, username, password, dbname
   • Give code for mysqli_connect and PDO connection with error check
   • Explain closing connection
10. 7 Marks
    bExplain how to execute SQL queries in PHP to retrieve, insert, update and delete data from a MySQL database.
    How to answer

    • Explain query execution via mysqli_query / PDO query/prepare
    • Give examples of SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE queries
    • Explain fetching results and checking affected rows
11. 7 Marks
    aWhat are some key principles for designing effective navigation systems in websites or mobile apps, and how do these principles contribute to a better user experience?
    How to answer

    • List navigation principles: consistency, simplicity, visibility, feedback, search
    • Explain mobile vs web navigation patterns
    • Link principles to better UX: findability, reduced cognitive load
12. 7 Marks
    bWhat is an HTML list, and what are the different types of lists? How do you add images to an HTML document?
    How to answer

    • Define HTML lists: ordered, unordered, definition lists with tags
    • Explain img tag attributes: src, alt, width, height
    • Give HTML code examples for lists and images
13. 7 Marks
    aDiscuss the advantages of using XML for data storage and exchange in web applications.
    How to answer

    • Define XML role in platform-independent data storage and exchange
    • Explain advantages: extensibility, readability, validation, interoperability
    • Relate to web applications with examples
14. 7 Marks
    bHow do you handle database errors and exceptions in PHP?
    How to answer

    • Explain error modes: connection errors, query errors, exceptions
    • Describe mysqli_error, PDOException, try-catch handling
    • Give PHP code for graceful error handling and logging
15. 14 Marks
    Write short notes on (any two):

    1. a)Web design issue
    2. b)Overview and features of HTML5
    3. c)DOM
    4. d)XSL
    How to answer

    • Select any two topics from given four options
    • Define each with key features and purpose
    • Give examples and use in web technology