CE-502 Transportation Engineering - II - Nov 2023 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aWrite short notes on the following terms:

   1. i)Central Road Research Institute (CRRI)
   2. ii)Central Road Fund (CRF)
   3. iii)Highway Research Board (HRB)
   4. iv)Indian Road Congress (IRC)
   How to answer

   • Define CRRI - establishment, location, functions in road research
   • Define CRF - source, purpose, funding of road development
   • Define HRB - constitution, objectives in highway research
   • Define IRC - formation, role in standards and specifications
2. 7 Marks
   bDesign the rate of superelevation for a horizontal highway curve of radius $500\,\text{m}$ and speed $100\,\text{kmph}$.
   How to answer

   • State superelevation formula $e = V^2/(225R)$ for mixed traffic
   • Substitute $V=100$ kmph, $R=500$ m
   • Check against IRC max $e_{max}=0.07$ for rural highways
   • Conclude design rate of superelevation
3. 7 Marks
   aExplain the flexible and rigid pavement and brings out the point of difference with their advantages and disadvantages.
   How to answer

   • Define flexible pavement - load distribution through layers
   • Define rigid pavement - slab action
   • Tabulate differences - materials, joints, life, cost
   • List advantages and disadvantages of each
4. 7 Marks
   bExplain the procedure of construction of WBM.
   How to answer

   • List materials for WBM - aggregates, screenings, binding material
   • Describe preparation of subgrade and spreading of coarse aggregate
   • Explain rolling, application of screenings and watering
   • Mention curing and opening to traffic with QC checks
5. 7 Marks
   aExplain off tracking in the highways. A vehicle has a wheel base of $6.5\text{m}$. What is the off tracking, while negotiating a curved path with a mean radius of $32\text{m}$?
   How to answer

   • Define off-tracking - difference in paths of front and rear wheels on curve
   • State formula $OT = l^2/(2R)$
   • Substitute $l=6.5$ m, $R=32$ m and compute value
   • Explain need for extra widening on curves
6. 7 Marks
   bExplain spot speed, running speed, space-mean speed, time-mean speed and average speed. How are the spot speed studies carried out?
   How to answer

   • Define spot, running, space-mean, time-mean and average speed
   • Give formulas relating space-mean and time-mean speed
   • Describe spot speed study methods - radar, pneumatic tubes, stopwatch
   • Explain presentation of data - frequency histogram, cumulative curve
7. 7 Marks
   aExplain the wind rose diagram with its types and different applications.
   How to answer

   • Define wind rose diagram - wind direction, duration and intensity plot
   • Describe Type I and Type II wind rose diagrams
   • Explain construction steps with data
   • List applications in runway orientation and capacity
8. 7 Marks
   bThe length of runway under standard conditions is $2000\,\text{m}$. The elevation of airport site is $300\,\text{m}$. The reference temperature of the runway site is $33.05^{\circ}\text{C}$. If the runway is to be constructed with an effective gradient of $0.25\%$, calculate the corrected length of runway.
   How to answer

   • State ICAO correction factors for elevation, temperature and gradient
   • Apply elevation correction 7% per 300 m on 2000 m basic length
   • Apply temperature correction and gradient correction 20% per 1% effective gradient
   • Compute final corrected runway length
9. 7 Marks
   aDraw neat sketch of runway lighting. Explain different parts in detail.
   How to answer

   • Draw plan and sectional sketch of runway lighting layout
   • Mark threshold, edge, centreline, touchdown zone lights
   • Explain colour, spacing and intensity of each system
   • Mention approach lighting and taxiway lighting
10. 7 Marks
    bWhat do you understand by the term airport capacity? What are the factors which affects the airport capacity?
    How to answer

    • Define airport capacity - hourly and annual throughput
    • Explain factors - runway configuration, ATC, weather, aircraft mix
    • Discuss gate, taxiway and terminal constraints
    • Summarize methods to enhance capacity
11. 7 Marks
    aExplain briefly the various factors considered during the selection of a site for airport.
    How to answer

    • List regional development, ground access, topography and weather factors
    • Explain airspace, obstructions, noise and land availability
    • Discuss soil, drainage and future expansion scope
    • Conclude with economic and environmental considerations
12. 7 Marks
    bWhat are the IRC specifications for the construction and maintenance of bituminous concrete?
    How to answer

    • State IRC codes for bituminous concrete - gradation and binder content
    • Describe construction steps - preparation, mixing, laying, compaction
    • Give temperature and thickness tolerances
    • Mention maintenance - patching, seal coat and overlay
13. 7 Marks
    aBriefly explain the engineering surveys needed for locating a new highway.
    How to answer

    • List map study, reconnaissance, preliminary and final surveys
    • Explain traffic, soil, topographic data collection
    • Describe alignment selection and detailed levelling
    • Mention preparation of plans and estimates
14. 7 Marks
    bWhat are the construction procedures of flexible and rigid pavement? Explain in brief.
    How to answer

    • Outline flexible pavement layers construction sequence
    • Outline rigid pavement construction - subbase, formwork, concreting
    • Mention joints, curing and quality control
    • Compare equipment and time requirements briefly
15. 7 Marks
    aDefine the following terms:

    1. i)Dowel and tie bars
    2. ii)Grade separation at intersection
    3. iii)Types of horizontal and vertical curves
    How to answer

    • Define dowel bars for load transfer and tie bars for holding slabs
    • Define grade separation - eliminating at-grade conflicts
    • List types of horizontal curves and vertical curves with sketches
16. 7 Marks
    bWhat are the air craft characteristics and their effects on runway alignment?
    How to answer

    • List aircraft characteristics - weight, wing span, speed, turning radius
    • Explain effect on runway length, width and gradient
    • Discuss effect on orientation, visibility and pavement strength
    • Conclude with ICAO design standards for different aircraft