AL-603-B Data and Visual Analytics - May 2024 Question Paper

Under each question, How to answer lists the points an answer should cover, outlined by CampusPrep from the syllabus. Check the details against your textbook.

1. 7 Marks
   aWhat are measures of central tendency? Describe in detail.
   How to answer

   • Define central tendency and its purpose
   • Explain mean with formula
   • Explain median with steps
   • Explain mode with example
   • Comparison and uses
2. 7 Marks
   bDescribe measures of location of dispersions in detail.
   How to answer

   • Define dispersion
   • Explain range
   • Explain variance and standard deviation
   • Explain interquartile range and others
   • Uses in analytics
3. 7 Marks
   aExplain various levels of measurements in detail.
   How to answer

   • Define levels of measurement
   • Explain nominal scale
   • Explain ordinal scale
   • Explain interval and ratio scales
   • Examples of each
4. 7 Marks
   bWhat are statistical inferences? Explain different statistical inferences in detail.
   How to answer

   • Define statistical inference
   • Explain estimation
   • Explain hypothesis testing
   • Types: point, interval, tests
   • Examples
5. 7 Marks
   aWhat is Multivariate analysis? Describe in detail.
   How to answer

   • Define multivariate analysis
   • Need for multiple variables
   • Types of techniques
   • Applications
   • Example
6. 7 Marks
   bWhat is Chi Square Test? Describe in detail.
   How to answer

   • Define Chi-Square test
   • Formula for chi-square statistic
   • Steps of test procedure
   • Degrees of freedom and interpretation
   • Applications
7. 7 Marks
   aWe have the potato yield from 12 different farms. We know that the standard potato yield for the given variety is $\mu = 20$. $X = [21.5, 24.5, 18.5, 17.2, 14.5, 23.2, 22.1, 20.5, 19.4, 18.1, 24.1, 18.5]$ Test if the potato yield from these farms is significantly better than the standard yield. Apply t-test.
   How to answer

   • State null and alternative hypotheses for $\mu=20$
   • Compute sample mean and standard deviation from $X$
   • Compute t-statistic $t=(\bar{x}-\mu)/(s/\sqrt{n})$
   • Compare with critical t-value for $n-1=11$ df
   • Conclusion on significantly better yield
8. 7 Marks
   bWhat is Regression Analysis? Explain simple and multiple regression with example.
   How to answer

   • Define regression analysis
   • Explain simple linear regression with equation
   • Explain multiple regression with equation
   • Assumptions and interpretation
   • Examples
9. 7 Marks
   aWhat is Bayesian modelling? How it works? Describe its advantage and disadvantages.
   How to answer

   • Define Bayesian modelling and Bayes theorem
   • Explain prior, likelihood, posterior workflow
   • Advantages: uncertainty, prior knowledge
   • Disadvantages: computation, prior choice
   • Applications
10. 7 Marks
    bDescribe maximum likelihood test in detail.
    How to answer

    • Define maximum likelihood estimation/test
    • Likelihood function concept
    • Steps to maximize likelihood
    • Properties and example
    • Applications
11. 7 Marks
    aDescribe different Python visualization libraries in detail.
    How to answer

    • List major Python visualization libraries
    • Explain Matplotlib and Seaborn
    • Explain Plotly, Bokeh, Altair
    • Comparison of features
    • Example use cases
12. 7 Marks
    bWhat is PowerBI? Describe different PowerBI tools in detail.
    How to answer

    • Define PowerBI
    • Explain PowerBI Desktop, Service, Mobile
    • Explain DAX, Power Query, Dashboards
    • Data connectivity and sharing
    • Example workflow
13. 7 Marks
    aWhat do you mean Data Wrangling? Explain Data Wrangling process in detail.
    How to answer

    • Define data wrangling
    • Steps: discovery, structuring, cleaning
    • Enriching, validating, publishing
    • Tools involved
    • Example
14. 7 Marks
    bWhat is data visualization? Explain Univariate, Bivariate and Multivariate Exploration of Data.
    How to answer

    • Define data visualization
    • Explain univariate exploration
    • Explain bivariate exploration
    • Explain multivariate exploration
    • Charts for each type
15. 7 Marks
    aDescribe the different types of file formats in detail.
    How to answer

    • Define file formats
    • Explain CSV, JSON, XML
    • Explain Parquet, Avro, Excel
    • Comparison of structured vs unstructured
    • Use cases
16. 7 Marks
    bWhat is Big Data? Explain various big data processing tools in detail.
    How to answer

    • Define Big Data and Vs
    • Need for big data processing
    • Explain Hadoop, Spark, Hive
    • Explain NoSQL and streaming tools
    • Applications