Computer Networks (AL-602) - Important Questions

Compare the OSI Reference Model and TCP/IP Model with layer-wise functionality and diagrams

Explain the types of guided and unguided physical transmission media and the principles of bandwidth, data rate and data modulation and how they influence network performance.

Explain the ISO-OSI reference model with a neat diagram and the functionalities of each layer.

Explain what a computer network is and its architecture with diagram and components.

Define Computer Network. Explain its goals, components, and applications.

Discuss design issues in computer networks and explain the concepts of connection-oriented and connectionless services.

Explain connection-oriented vs connectionless services, compare their differences and give examples of each.

Differentiate between connection-oriented and connectionless services with use-case scenarios. How are service primitives used in both?

Distinguish between peer-to-peer relationship and a primary-secondary relationship.

Explain the TCP/IP Model

Compare and explain Go-Back-N and Selective Repeat sliding window ARQ protocols with diagrams and example sequences

Explain the need for flow control and describe/compare the data link layer flow control techniques Stop-and-Wait and Sliding Window protocols.

Explain the various error detection and correction mechanisms used in computer networks.

Describe the sliding window protocol using Go-Back-N

Explain the functions of the Data Link Layer. Discuss framing techniques in detail.

What are Petri Net Models? Represent and explain the working of a data link layer protocol using a Petri Net diagram.

Given a data bit sequence and generator polynomial, compute the CRC code and show how error detection works.

Explain the Finite state machine models and Petri Net models.

A channel has a bit rate of 4 kbps and propagation delay of 20 msec. For what range of frame size does stop and wait protocol gives an efficiency of at least 50%?

Discuss Go-Back-N and Hybrid ARQ

Explain the working of ARP and RARP.

Explain the Binary Exponential Back-off algorithm and how it manages collisions in Ethernet networks, with suitable example.

Explain the MAC sublayer protocol and frame structure of IEEE 802.11.

Explain MAC addressing and the Binary Exponential Backoff (BEB) algorithm.

Compare CSMA/CD and CSMA/CA protocols.

Describe the IEEE 802 LAN standards and explain the architecture of Local Area Networks.

Explain Data Link / MAC addressing and its types with examples.

Write short notes on (any two):

Describe the collision-free protocols such as Basic Bit Map, BRAP and Binary Countdown. How do they eliminate data collisions?

Compare Pure ALOHA and Slotted ALOHA and derive their throughput and efficiency expressions.

Explain the frame format, operation and ring maintenance features of the IEEE 802.5 Token Ring MAC protocol.

Explain distributed random access schemes/contention schemes for data services.

Maximum number of stations sharing a pure ALOHA channel given channel rate, frame size and offered load.

Compare IPv4 and IPv6 protocols, including packet formats, differences, advantages, limitations and improvements.

Explain the functions of the Network Layer and discuss different switching techniques.

Describe the Bellman-Ford routing algorithm and compare it with Dijkstra's algorithm.

Define hierarchical routing. Compare it with flat and source routing. Under what network conditions is it preferable?

Show how IPv4 fragmentation is performed for a 3000-byte IP packet over a link with MTU of 1000 bytes.

An ISP is granted a block of addresses starting with $190.100.0.0/16$ ($65,536$ addresses). The ISP needs to distribute these addresses to three groups of customers as follows: Design the sub-blocks and find out how many addresses are still available after these allocations?

What is Congestion control and how it is implemented in network layer?

Explain Least cost routing algorithm. Discuss its limitations.

Explain Dijkstra's algorithm for routing. Discuss its limitations.

What is the need of Network layer? What are services provided by this layer? Explain.

Describe the working of the Bellman-Ford algorithm with a suitable example.

What is fragmentation and reassembly and why is it needed in the network?

Explain connection establishment (three-way handshake) and connection release/termination (four-way handshake) in TCP/transport protocols, including why graceful termination is needed.

Explain the services and functions of the Transport Layer.

Discuss the congestion control and flow control mechanisms used in TCP.

Explain the architecture and working of the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP).

Discuss the impact of TCP congestion control mechanisms including Slow Start, Congestion Avoidance, and Fast Retransmit on network performance.

Write brief notes on SMTP, Congestion Control, DNS and SNMP

Write short notes on IMAP, UDP, DNS and MIME

Discuss the concept of TCP flow control and TCP congestion control.

Explain transport layer multiplexing and demultiplexing.

Write short notes on any two: SNMP, Broadcast and Multicast Routing, MLMA, and Service Primitives.

Discuss the following:

Draw and explain the header format of a User Datagram Protocol (UDP).