Swachh Bharat Summer Internship / Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (100 Hrs) / Rural Outreach (BT-108) - Important Questions

Describe the key components of a Village Sanitation and Hygiene Action Plan (VSHAP) and outline the step-by-step process to prepare one for a rural village. Include stakeholder roles, resource planning, and timelines.

Explain the methods of household solid waste management suitable for Indian villages. Compare at least three techniques, including segregation at source, decentralized composting, and community-level recycling, discussing advantages and limitations of each.

Design a behavior change communication (BCC) campaign to eliminate open defecation in a Gram Panchayat. Specify objectives, target groups, key messages, communication channels, community events, and monitoring indicators.

Outline the steps for conducting a baseline survey for sanitation and hygiene in a rural outreach project. List the primary quantitative and qualitative indicators you would measure and justify their inclusion.

Compare and contrast two low-cost latrine technologies commonly used in rural sanitation. Discuss their construction requirements, cost considerations, maintenance needs, environmental impact, and likely community acceptance.

Explain the role of Self-Help Groups (SHGs) and Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs) in sustaining sanitation and hygiene interventions. Provide practical examples of activities these groups can undertake to ensure long-term outcomes.

Prepare a detailed action plan to reduce plastic waste in a village of 2,000 residents. Include situational assessment, resource mobilisation, collection and segregation systems, roles and responsibilities, financing, and long-term sustainability measures.

Discuss monitoring and evaluation (M&E) frameworks appropriate for a 100-hour rural internship project under Swachh Bharat or Unnat Bharat Abhiyan. Include both qualitative and quantitative methods, sample indicators, and simple data collection tools interns can use.

Explain how to implement a community-based composting unit for biodegradable waste in a rural setting. Describe site selection criteria, basic design and layout, process control parameters, community management arrangements, and end-use of compost.

Analyse a case where an Unnat Bharat Abhiyan (UBA) project failed to sustain its outcomes after initial implementation. Identify likely technical, social, financial, and institutional reasons for failure and propose remedial measures to restore and sustain project impact.